The Investigation Of "You Shenme X?"

The use of rhetorical questions in modern Chinese is very extensive.Its diverse forms and complex functionality have always been the focus of scholars' study and one of the difficulties.Based on the previous studies,this article selects "You Shenme X" as the research object.This paper examines the composition of the constituent X and its effect on the expression from the two different usages of quoting and descriptive.Explore the formation mechanism of the negative meaning of the structure,and trace the evolution of the structure.First,the X component in the structure is divided it into four categories:NP,VP,AP and default.According to the classification of X,it can be learned that X is dominated by abstract nouns.In the quoted usage of the construction,the word meanings is more scattered,and the noun phrases are mostly�modal verb+VP+de�.In the descriptive usage of the constructs,semantic types of X are fewer,and X is mainly a noun with the mean of values,associations,qualifications,properties and methods.When X is an adjective or a verb,the construction is dominated by its quoted usage.This paper analyzes the relationship between X and "You","shenme",from the aspect of the suppression of the X component in the construction.In the construction,the subject of"You" is often shaded.When X is noun composition,X and "shenme" represent a region of suitability;When it is a verbal elements,the agent of X is cut by the suppression of the construction,and the target argument of " You" is merged with the acceptor of X;when X is the adjective component,it can be used as a verb,and the target argument of "You" is mergec with the X's target argument.The purpose of "You shenme X" is to change other people's behavior or viewpoints.X has an influence on the speaker's intention,namely prohibitive intention,inducing prohibitive intention,inducing and forcing intention and suggetive intention.The nature of X is different and the intention of the speaker is different."You shenme X" is derived from the ancient Chinese "He X zhi you".This ancient sentence pattern undergoes changes in both the sentence structure and the X component.From the aspect of sentence structure,the sentence changes from the OV structure to the VO structure,forming a structure such as "You shen" and "You he";the interrogative pronoun"hE" gradually gets to the "sheme",which character patterns are different in that time.Before the Song Dynasty,the nature of the X component was NP,VP,and AP.From the Song Dynasty,VPs and APs began to add "chu" and "de" to form a noun phrase.The structure is increasingly complex,basically stable during the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and eventually formed a "You shenme X"."You shenm X" solidifies the formation of "You shenme" and"You shenme hao/ke/zhide + VP+de".