Cyber-victimization And Its Relations With Mindfulness And Depression Among Adolescents And Intervention Research

With the renovation and popularity of communication technology,cyberbullying,a new form of bullying,the incidence is increasing year by year,has been gaining the attention of psychological researchers in recent years.The prevalence of cyberbullying and its significantly negative effects on adolescents' mental and physical health have aroused common concern among people from all walks of life.Cyberbullying is the act of using the Internet(especially social networking sites)to spread hostile or aggressive information over and over again by an individual or group.Cybervictimization can be defined as the phenomenon in which individuals repeatedly receive targeted attacks by other individuals or groups in the process of using the Internet.Compared with the traditional kinds of bullying related to language,relationship,body and property,Cybervictimization has a unique potential impact on adolescents' social emotional development.Substantial studies have confirmed that cybervictimization could cause negative self-perception among individuals,which consequently may lead to depression or other negative impacts.Mindfulness as a kind of psychological states plays a moderating role in negative life events and emotions.Based on this,this study intends to explore the relationship between cybervictimization,mindfulness and depression,and then set up group mindfulness-counseling programs to intervene in the after-effects of bullying.Specifically,the study can be divided into two studies:Study One explored the characteristics of bullying,mindfulness,and depression,discuss the moderating role of mindfulness so as to provide a theoretical basis for the intervention of Study Two.In Study Two,we screened the eligible subjects,set up the experimental groups and the control groups,and use group counseling for mind-mind training to intervene in the adolescent victims of cybervictimization to reducing the depression.Research method:Study One used a questionnaire survey to select 470 students from grade 7 or 8 in a junior high school in Wuhan to conduct a survey.The moderating effect of mindfulness was further investigated by using the online bullying scale,the mindfulness five-factor scale,and the epistemic depression scale,thus provided a theoretical basis for the study of intervention in Study Two.Study Two screened eligible participants(ie,students with high scores for bullying and depression on the Internet,and with low mindfulness scores)to receive group counseling for mindfulness,setting up experimental and control groups with 12 participants in each of them.The experimental group was given group counseling once a week for 80 minutes each time,a total of eight times.The control group conducted reading activities irrelevant to the contents of the group,which were followed by pre-test and post-test and follow-up tests on both groups.The results showed that:(1)The depression level of young girls was slightly higher than that of boys,the seventh year of mindfulness was higher than that of eighth grade,and the incidence of bullying among single-parent families was higher than that of non-single-parent families;(2)The network was positively correlated with cybervictimization and adolescent depression.Mindfulness and depression are significantly negatively correlated.Mindfulness plays a regulatory role in the influence of cybervictimization on depression.(4)Through mindfulness group counseling,the level of mindfulness of subjects in the experimental group is significantly increased,and the level of depression is significantly reduced,while the control group does not occur significant changes.The level of mindfulness in the follow-up test of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the pretest,and the depression level of the follow-up test was significantly lower than that of the pretest.Conclusions:(1)The Internet is positively predicting depression in adolescents by cybervictimization;(2)Mindfulness and negative predictive depression;(3)Mindfulness plays a moderating role in the impact on depression by cybervictimization;(4)Mindfulness group counseling raises the level of mindfulness of bullied people on the Internet,and reduces depression.