A Study On Argument Structure And Semantic Evolution Of Support Class Monosyllabic Verbs Based On Corpus

The article is based on the corpus of Center for Chinese Linguistics PKU corpus(online edition)and also the existing dictionaries and the network corpus,which researching on Chinese "support class" monosyllabic verb,particularly focusing on "Cheng(?)""Chi(?)""Ding(?)""Gang(?)""Ting(?)"and "Qing(?)".The article will analyze each member in the different historical periods with the different patient-oriented arguments in semantics by the method of description and analysis in detail,and then will summarize its semantics comprehensively,which comparing with the interpretations in the[CiYuan],[Kangxi Dictionary],[Grand Chinese Dictionary],[Chinese Dictionary],and[Modern Chinese Dictionary](7th edition),indicating the inadequacies of the definitions in the dictionaries above.Using the combination of the diachronic and synchronic analysis method,also cognitive analysis method to discuss the evolution of monosyllabic verbs and its types."Cheng(?)" and "Chi(?)" are the core members of "support class"monosyllabic verbs.The article focuses on two of them,listing their meanings in the[CiYuan]and other four dictionaries which mentioned above,founding that the interpretations in the existing dictionaries are not comprehensive and omission based on the cases of CCL corpus and network corpus.For example,"Cheng(?)" has cases of meaning“contradict by words",but this meaning is not included in[CiYuan],[Kangxi Dictionary],[Chinese Dictionary]and[Modern Chinese Dictionary](7th edition),and be lumped together with the meaning of "prop up" in[Grand Chinese Dictionary],not be listed separately,and"Cheng(?)" also has the usages that express the meaning of "lift",which is not included in the dictionaries above."Chi(?)" has the meaning of "holding" in the dictionaries above,which emphasizing status,but founding that there still have cases that emphasize the action when it is represented by hand through the analysis of corpus.lt is not comprehensive for explaining as this meaning,and "Chi(?)" also has the usages that express the meaning of verbal behavior "nian(?)",which not included in the dictionaries above.At the same time,based on the corpus of CCL corpus and network corpus,analyzing their semantics in the different historical periods with the different patient-oriented arguments,then re-induct their semantics according to the distinctiveness and the generality.Comparing the re-inducted semantics with the interpretations in the dictionaries above,pointing out the inadequacies of interpretations in the dictionaries comprehensively.The article also focuses on the monosyllabic verbs "Ding(?)""Gang(?)""Ting(?)" and "Qing(?)" in the semantic field of "support class",listing their meanings in the five dictionaries above.Based on the corpus of CCL corpus and network corpus,analyzing them in the different historical periods with the different patient-oriented arguments i-n semantics,then summarizing their semantics comprehensively.Comparing the re-inducted semantics with the interpretations in the dictionaries above,pointing out the condition that interpretations are omission and not comprehensive in the dictionaries.Finally,using the combination of the diachronic and synchronic analysis method and cognitive analysis method to discuss the semantic evolution path of and its types of Chinese "support class" monophonic verbs.The semantic evolution path of Chinese "support class"monophonic verbs are from the behaviour domain to the speech domain and from the behaviour domain to the knowledge domain.The types of evolution are mainly the expansion of semantics from concrete to abstract,the replacement of member semantics,the aggravation and mitigation of meaning,and expressing new meanings in lexicalization of structures.