Research On Chinese Industrial And Mining Bank(1942-1949)

On the 7th of July 1937,which ignited the flames of China’s all-out war of resistance,setting off a wave of the Chinese national guard.When Chinese compatriots were fighting in full swing,although the majority of overseas Chinese were living far away from the ocean,always concerned about the safety of the country and actively support the country’s war of resistance against the war with human,material and financial resources.Therefore,overseas Chinese are an important pole of China’s resistance to war.In particular,after the outbreak of the Pacific War,the overseas Chinese took their money back to home,the capital and the financial industry became one of the key investment objects,which concentrated on the emergence of overseas Chinese Banks,and the Chinese industrial and mining Banks were listed in the column.In recent years,research on overseas Chinese has become an important part of the study of Anti-Japanese War,which shows the development trend.However,these achievements are mainly from the perspective of macro narration to discuss overseas Chinese support for the Anti-Japanese War.The research on the investment of overseas Chinese in the financial sector are still weak.Therefore,this article uses the unpublished archives of the Chongqing Archives and the periodicals of the Republic of China as the core data.Through analyzing of the basic historical facts of China’s industrial and mining banks,try to do small in see big,then explores the common characteristics of the overseas Chinese banks that rise at the same time.On September 16,1942,the Chinese industrial and mining bank was established in chongqing.The bank is founded by patriotic overseas Chinese Tan Zan,Hu Zhaoxiang,domestic enthusiastic industrial miners Chen Yanguang,He Cexiang,as well as financial leaders Chen Dunfu,Zhai Wenqiao and more than 40 people created.In order to give full play to the folk power,will absorb overseas Chinese funds to invest indomestic production enterprises to assist the national economic construction.Since its establishment,in order to meet the call of the national government to lay a financial network in southwest China,the bank has established its branches in xi ’an,baoji,nanchong,zigong,kunming and other places.With the development of the Anti-Japanese War,Chinese industrial and mining Banks have been affected.In 1944,the five branches of the southwest were closed due to the influence of war in henan hunan guangxi provinces.Fortunately,the bank is able to continuously improve its own system construction,agglomerate internal forces of the bank personnel,finally overcome difficulties.After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War,the Chinese industrial and mining bank reestablished its strategy and moved the general administration from chongqing to Shanghai.To expand the service scope,successively in Shanghai,Qingdao,Hankou,Xiamen and other places set up institutions,it business show positive development momentum.However,in the later period of the Nationalist government’s rule,the domestic financial industry once ended in a dead end,and the China Industrial and Mining Bank was unable to turn the tide.After the liberation of Shanghai,the China Industrial and Mining Bank eventually closed down,on September 21,1949,due to the failure to complete the capital increase.As one of oversea Chinese Banks,throughout the changes of the China Industrial and Mining Bank,was the overseas Chinese to communicate with the motherland,a miniature financial interact with age.This is mainly reflected in the changes of its business development in two periods.During the period of Anti-Japanese War,the bank defined business guidelines for fostering industrial and mining development.In addition to the general business of commercial banks,especially attaches great importance to the investment and loan of small and medium-sized private enterprises,and emphasized the steel machinery and daily necessities industries related to national defense and people’s livelihood.Even in the context of wartime inflation,an ordinary commercial bank’s support for the mining industry was a drop in the bucket.But it is in this case,the China Industrial and Mining Bank know perfectly well pump mining is difficult to profit,still pay a lot of effort.It did make up for that bias of the national bureau and other commercial Banks,enough to reflect the overseas Chinese determination to support production and construction.This is another form of overseas economic assistance to the motherland besides remittances and donations.It is also the greatest significance of its establishment.After the victory of the war,however,because of a sharp deterioration in the domestic financial environment,turmoil and civil war,the industrial bank of Chinain the aspect of business is to set up account,specializing in a matter of the speculative hoarding,far away from the original.However,after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War,due to the sharp deterioration of the domestic financial environment and the turbulence in the civil war,the China Industrial and Mining Bank had set up dark accounts and Specialist speculation in their business,which was far from its original intention.This was by no means the phenomenon of one-man,it was a common method adopted by all the villagers in order to survive.This proves that only in a stable and peaceful environment can the economy and finance be developed healthily.