Improving Working Memory Abilities In Children With Down Syndrome

Down syndrome is a chromosomal disorder characterized by mental retardation,and working memory impairment is one of the most important injuries.Working memory is a limited system of temporary storage and processing information,which plays a central role in the cognitive process.At present,the memory research of individuals with Down syndrome focuses on the characteristics of short-term memory and working memory,as well as memory training.However,working memory tasks with higher control,such as refresh,inhibition,and conversion function,has less training,and there is no unified mode of intervention content,program and effect.Based on working memory in the storage capability of low control with higher control of the refresh function research and training in order to enhance the overall level of Down syndrome children's working memory,and for the special children's intervention and education practice guidance.In this study,we use A-B-A design,and there are 3 children with Down syndrome were enrolled for 3 weeks,3 to 4 times a week,about 10 times.The training scheme is based on the continuum model,which is based on the previous training program of the same type.The training scheme is in line with the development level and cognitive characteristics.The training was carried out from low and high in accordance with the control level,which was the reverse task,the "hunter" task and the "room" task.The data of the assessment test before,during and after the training were collected and the visual analysis was conducted.In addition,the test data before and after the training were conducted to verify the training effect by combining the two data.The results showed that :(1)C's test scores of short-term memory test and working memory test are improved after training,but the score of Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices isn't changed.(2)Z and S show the improvement of Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices,short-term memory test and working memory test.It shows that the training scheme combined with different control levels can effectively improve the memory level of children with Down syndrome.Different intelligence levels of Down's syndrome children can all be improved by this training.Through the research of current training,we can put forward the following suggestions: in the aspect of research method,to pay attention to single-case research applied in Down syndrome individual in the study of training;In terms of specific teaching,should be developed according to the characteristics of Down syndrome of working memory training plan,by adopting the combination of a variety of control level task training,and to improve the existing school teaching mode,combined with classroom teaching and individual training;It can also make full use of school resources and social resources of the university to obtain multi-directional support.