Study On The Edition And Printing Technics Of The Book "Quan Zhi"

Chinese numismatics heritage has a long history.About 1,400-1,500 years ago in the southern dynasty(during the xiao and the liang period)occurred a numismatics monograph "Money Record",but unfortunately this book and the later monographs had been lost,only the southern song dynasty "Quan Zhi" which written by Hong Zun retained some of the previous dynasties of numismatics research.As the earliest monographs on numismatics extant,the unique classification and research method of numismatics in “Quan Zhi” have influenced the later generations in studying numismatics deeply.Hong Zun,the author of “Quan Zhi”,was a famous numismatics scholar in the southern song dynasty.Hong Zun was deeply influenced by his father Hong Hao's political career,the motivation and the time of the creation of “Quan Zhi” both have the factors of avoiding politics and evading disasters.Both “Quan Zhi” and Hong Zun were highly appraised and questioned by later generations,but these did not affect the important historical status and academic value of “Quan Zhi”.In this paper,the focus is on studying the printing technics of different editions of “Quan Zhi”.The printing process of ancient books can be summarized as pre-printing,printing and post-printing.Pre-press includes plate making,sample writing,plate printing,engraving and proofing;Printing includes inking,overlaying and brushing;Post-printing includs cutting and binding also arraging the plate.The layout of ancient books with different printing techniques also has its own characteristics.The crack mark is the most obvious feature of woodblock printing;Movable type printing of the word arrangement is not uniform,the plate frame will be gradually expanded,in addition to these common characteristics,and due to the different movable type materials and each has its own characteristics;Lithographic printing's characteristic is its printing plate;Photocopy printing has a copy function which can reserve the feature of the original book faithfully;Manuscript is a common spread medium of traditional Chinese ancient books,its characteristics are handwritten font.By comparing and summarizing the characteristics of ancient books with each of the two different printing methods,some special printing marks can be used to help identify ancient books when they encounter difficulties in identification.Version of origin according to the previous studies and research,arrange the editions of “Quan Zhi”.Studying on the “Quan Zhi” ancient books for national library focus on the printing technics to describe the analysis for more detailed research.From the perspective of printing technology,the existing ancient book “Quan Zhi” can be divided into woodblock printing,lithographic printing,photocopy printing and manuscript.As for the “Quan Zhi” which appear in the auction,overseas,or in the possession of collectors,considering the authenticity of the “Quan Zhi” as well as the authenticity of its origin,this paper focus on the existing versions of “Quan Zhi” which based on the data registered in the basic database of national ancient books census registration.It can be seen from the arrangement that the existing “Quan Zhi” are distributed in 29 libraries,museums and other institutions in China.The research on the printing of “Quan Zhi” publication is mainly based on the analysis of printing technology,and combined with the characteristics of the transformation and identification of printing technology in different periods.Unlike modern books which have standard copyright pages,it is difficult to accurately describe some ancient books with vague or missing information by a single traditional versioning method.Through the observation and analysis of the “Quan Zhi”,the research and summary from the perspective of printing technology can avoid some mistakes.Because the writing expression and layout of ancient books are closely related to the printing technology,the evolution of ancient books version also reflects the development of ancient printing industry.