| The relationship of Heaven Laws and Human Desires has always been one of the important issues discussed in Neo-Confucianism of Song and Ming Dynasties,as well as an important issue in Wang Yangming's Heart-Mind Theory,But Wang Yangming's thought of Heaven Laws and Human Desires is "Cherish Heaven Laws,Eliminate Human Desires".Basing on literature this article hackled the relationship of Wang Yangming's Heaven Laws,Human Desires,Heart-Mind,Intention and Intuitive Knowledge.At the same time,I made an internal study based on understanding and experience of myself with constant introspection to clarify the necessity of "Cherish Heaven Laws,Eliminate Human Desires".This article criticized the view of regarding Confucianism as theoretical knowledge to compensate for the monopoly of modern instrumental rationality and corrected the effect of Confucianism in order to benefit the restoration of personality and the real awakening of the subject in the present society.This paper analyses Wang Yangming's thought of Heaven Laws and Human Desires from four aspects:The first is the background of the formation of Yang Ming's thought of Heaven Laws and Human Desires.One is the ideological origin,that is from the debate of righteousness and benefit in the period of Confucius and Mencius to the debate of Heaven Laws and Human Desires in the Song Dynasty.Another One is Yangming's own practice of seeking access to Sacred Law for sainthood.Most of the Confucians in Song Dynasty took it as their duty to become saints and virtuous.They chose Confucius's style of "Righteousness is Supreme"on their own initiative and strictly distinguished the differences between Heaven Laws and Human Desires.This is the right way to correct people's minds and to restore self-determination.Wang Yangming has aspired to be a sage since his childhood,and his practice of sainthood expanded to the difference between Heaven Laws and Human Desires.Secondly,after the Enlightenment in Dragon Field,Wang Yangming firmly believed in "Self-Sufficiency of Human Nature",and Yangming's "Self-Sufficiency of Human Nature" was "Heart-Mind is Heaven Laws".The main problem explained in this chapter is the relationship between Heart-Mind,Heaven Laws and Human Desires." Heart-Mind is Heaven Laws" refers to the relationship between Heart-Mind and Heaven Laws.It refers to the noumenon of the mind,which is fixed and motionless,neutral and unbiased,as well as the noumenon of the mind,which can do minate the whole body and manifest the virtue of life.The body and function of the mind are the nature of destiny,and the virtue of life is manifested by the noumenon of the heart and the noumenon of the mind.While"Human Desires" means "Barrier of Selfishness",if we want to show the nature,we need to remove the "Barrier of Selfishness",that is,to "Cherish Heaven Laws,Eliminate Human Desires".But "Human Desires" is not all evil,why not go?The meaning of the mind must be related to things,and it is a thing.It can not be related to many things at the same time.Therefore,the meaning of the mind must be a "Intention" rather than a number of "Intention".This "Intention" is either good or evil,or irrational or desirable.Next,it demonstrates the power of Intuitive Knowledge,because YangMing believes that Intuitive Knowledge can know the good and evil of the idea,and can remove the evil for the good.However,there is a cycle in which:Since "Human Desires" has covered up Heaven Laws and Intuitive Knowledge,how can Intuitive Knowledge turn over "Human Desires" and dominate itself?Among them,we should have "Will" and "Will for Saints" in order to strive for self-reliance and self-improvement.And it is precisely because of the efforts of "Cherish Heaven Laws,Eliminate Human Desires" that Yangming can come to Intuitive Knowledge.When Mr.Zhong Caijun summarized the progress of Yang Ming's work before he came to Intuitive Knowledge,he put forward that his method of instructing students to work experienced three stages:At first,it is explained academically,then it is meditation and self-enlightenment,and finally it is "Cherish Heaven Laws,Eliminate Human Desires".However,there are many abuses in the process of "Cherish Heaven Laws,Eliminate Human Desires".For example,what is the meaning of "Heaven Laws"?The predecessors have made many arguments,but Yang Ming never pointed out the specific meaning of Heaven Laws.Every question is just for scholars to understand by themselves,which hinders the achievement of sacred deeds.Therefore,according to Mr.Zhong Caijun's analysis,Intuitive Knowledge is transferred from "Understanding Heaven Laws".Finally,it analyses the influence of Yang Ming's thought of Heaven Laws and Human Desires on later learning,Confucianism and Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties.As a skill of being a saint,"Cherish Heaven Laws,Eliminate Human Desires" clearly reveals the essentials of self-cultivation since Confucius and Mencius.It is not only the successor of Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties,but also the innovator.Inheritance is to inherit the will of cultivating one's moral integrity,while innovation is to create "Extention of the Intuitive.Knowledge",the method of self cultivation,to remedy the rigid Neo-Confucianism of Cheng and Zhu at that time and arouse the vitality of Confucianism.However,Yang Ming only interpreted Heaven Laws with "Heart-Mind" and paid no attention to external affairs,which had the tendency to despise knowledge.Later,Yang Ming learnt to be fickle and unrestrained,and did not attach importance to practical learning to shoulder the responsibility of society.This is also a major disadvantage.The value of it in current era is to help people realize themself and achieve the coherence of life. |
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