Study On The Formative Factor And Form Attribution Of Installation Art From The Perspective Of Art Morphology

Installation art is an art form that transforms comprehensive materials to make an artwork on site in order to express the artist's concept.It originates from Duchamp's "Fountain",an artwork made by some ready-made industrial products.After its one-century development in the West,installation art has gradually turned a relatively stable term from a newly-emerging art form,broadly used in art museums,art markets and the field of theory research.When China initiated reforming and opening-up policy in the late 1970 s,installation art began to sprout in China.Installation art in China had grown in the background of the market economy in the 1990 s and got matured in the globalization trend after 2000.In 2014,the Chinese Ministry of Education approved the establishment of Experimental Art as an art major with independent authorized number 130407 TK.As an integral part of experimental art,installation art has been prevalent in professional art colleges and universities.Comparing with western installation art's more-than-one-century history,installation art in China only takes 30 years from an embryonic bud to the stage of maturity.Throughout its development,the doubts follow: how could an installation be regarded as an artwork? Where lays the boundary between the installation art and the sculpture? In essence,the mentioned questions are doubts about the formative factor and form attribution of installation art.Moreover,they are also issues to be discussed in this research.To come to a solution,the author studied the theory of Art Morphology.According to the Morphology of Art,art is an approach to simulate life experience,that is used to obtain specialized knowledge,evaluation information.With the help of a particular semiotic system(the art language)to the storage,it transfers the information.Based on this essential factor,these installations which could transmit the artists' ideas by art language and art form can be artworks.From three aspects,the material characteristics,technical characteristics and spatial characteristics,the second issue can be solved.The conclusion is that installation art is a new art form attributed to Architectonic Creativity Class,varied from its counterpart,the sculpture which attributed to Fine Art Class.Their predominant differences follow: Firstly,from the perspective of materials,the installation can adopt all the comprehensive materials available.Secondly,from the perspective of technique,the installation is created employing transformation,while the sculpture's technique is known as "carving,casting and moulding".From the perspective of space,the sculpture must exist in three-dimensional space,and installation art exists three-dimensional or four-dimensional space.To obtain the conclusion by the theoretical analysis mentioned above is not enough.In the last part of this paper,a questionnaire investigation targeted among some subjects who majored the art.The data is collected and analyzed to research on the formative factor and form attribution of installation by bottom-up approach through clustering analysis and the like.This study constitutes of four parts: the first chapter summarizes the research about art morphology,in order to expand its content and practicability.The second chapter offers approaches to define an artwork by analyzing formative factors in the representative works of Chinese installation art.The third chapter targets the characteristics of installation art and the difference between installation art and sculpture art through art morphological classification.In the fourth chapter,the approaches like clustering analysis are drawn upon to explore the formative factor and form attribution of installation art.