Study On Tang Xian-zu's Xu

Tang Xianzu(1550-1616)was a famous dramatist and writer in Ming Dynasty.The "Four Dreams of Linchuan" represented by "Peony Pavilion" established his lofty position in the field of drama,and the great success of drama creation concealed the light of his poetry and prose.Tang Xianzu's achievements in poetry and prose creation are not comparable to those of traditional opera,but they are also remarkable and at present there are few related research results.Fortunately,since the 1980 s,Tang Xianzu's research on poetry and prose has gradually risen.Tang Xianzu's prose research results are mostly concentrated in Chi Du,Fu and eightpart prose,while his Xu research has been neglected.At present,no relevant monographic papers have appeared.There are 85 Xu literary works in existence,the number of which is second only to Chi Du.Tang Xianzu's preface style is different from that of ordinary entertainment works,which contains rich historical and cultural content and has its own characteristics.Therefore,this topic has pioneering academic research value and significance.Xu is an applied style with a long writing history.In its long history,it has gradually evolved from a subsidiary style to an independent style,which derives three main types of Xu: preface,donation Xu and longevity Xu,and forms a certain writing norm.The Xu developed to the late Ming Dynasty.Because of its interpersonal reward function,the three main types of Xu writing still flourished in the society.Tang Xianzu's Xu focuses on the writing of Xu,while the Xu of donation and longevity Xu are seldom used.Tang Xianzu's choice announces his difference from person's order attitude at that time.The predominant person of Xu which written by Tang Xianzu almost all come from Jiangxi,Zhejiang and Nanzhili,and Jiangxi are the most,which is greatly related to Tang Xianzu's own ancestral home,Linchuan,Jiangxi,and his official experience.Most of them have the status of Jinshi and the experience of being an official,which reflects Tang Xianzu's identity of Jinshi-official group.Among them,some are later classified as members of the Donglin Party.Tang Xianzu's Xu covers a wealth of ideological content,which elucidates the concept of loyalty and filial piety,literature,history,current affairs and politics,and so on.Tang Xianzu's concept of loyalty and filial piety is embodied in four aspects: never forgetting ancestor's legacy,never forgetting family's close relatives,shining family lintels and loyalty to the monarch.Therefore,Tang Xianzu's concept of loyalty and filial piety embodied in his Xu does not go beyond the traditional Confucian concept of loyalty and filial piety.However,in view of the fact that the morality advocated by Confucianism in the late Ming Dynasty is difficult to fall into practice use the world.In his Xu,Tang Xianzu put forward such literary concepts as "empathy theory","wenqi theory" and "regional view of literature" and so on.He supported extensive learning but opposed "door dispute".He advocated that literature should pursue the combination of "talent" and "spirituality",and that the article should pursue the aesthetic feeling beyond words.These literary views not only absorb the achievements of predecessors,but also develop the achievements of predecessors.Tang Xianzu's outlook on history in his Xu focuses on his summary of the laws of history and his revision of the history related to historical figures such as Qu Yuan,Ji Za and Yue Fei,which reflects Tang Xianzu's consideration of realistic politics,and often reveals the political gains and losses of the present Dynasty by discussing the past and the present,with distinct pertinence.Tang Xianzu wrote seven Xu for his good friend Zhao Bangqing,in which Tang Xianzu repeatedly declared Zhao's loyalty and was slandered and not used.Tang Xianzu has repeatedly written Xu for Zhao,on the one hand,from the two as friends who agree with each other,on the other hand,with the meaning of using the world,that is,taking Zhao Bangqing as an example,to reveal the dark political ecology of the late Ming Dynasty.Tang Xianzu devoted all his life to improving his literary creation.For this reason,he has been learning from the articles of ancient sages.Tang Xianzu studied the ancient prose of six Dynasties' style in his early years and studied the prose of Northern Song's style in his middle age,and his prose creation was inevitably influenced by both of them,which can also be found in his Xu.Due to the extensive influence of the imperial examination system in the Ming Dynasty,Tang Xianzu's Xu of reasoning often cites classics,and often carries the spirit of "Shiwen".In Tang Xianzu's Xu,narration occupies a large proportion.Tang Xianzu's narrative is simple and methodical,and he is good at tailoring the writing materials effectively.The narration in Tang Xianzu's Xu is full of emotional power,humorous wit,novel or both.All these make the Xu,which does not take narration as its main purpose,more readable and interesting.