The Influence Of Cognitive Style On Anchoring Effect In Career Decision Making

Anchoring effect refers to that in the uncertain problem situation,the judgment of the subject on an estimation task will be affected by the initial information,namely "anchor",so as to produce an estimation deviation closer to "anchor".Since the anchoring effect was proposed,it has been verified in many fields such as economic consumption,court judgment and business decision,but has not been proved in the field of career decision.In addition,relevant studies have shown that the anchoring effect is affected by many factors,such as personality traits,individual openness and time pressure,etc.,and does cognitive style,as a personality variable closely related to cognitive activities,also have an impact on the anchoring effect? If so,what are the specific manifestations? Therefore,this study takes college students as the research object to explore the anchoring effect in the field of career decision making and the eeg differences of individuals with different cognitive styles in anchoring task information processing.Experiment 1 took cognitive style and external anchor as independent variables and individual reaction time and estimation as dependent variables to investigate the effect of external anchor and cognitive style on career decision-making.Experimental results show that there is an external anchoring effect in career decision making.Moreover,the anchoring effect of different cognitive style groups was different,specifically,the anchoring effect of field-dependent group was higher than that of field-independent group.Experiment 2 took cognitive style and internal anchor as independent variables and individual reaction time and estimation as dependent variables to investigate the effect of internal anchor and cognitive style on career decision-making.Experimental results show that there is an internal anchoring effect in career decision making,and the anchoring effect of field-dependent group is greater than that of field-independent group.Experiment three internal,external anchor and anchor for cognitive style as independent variables,anchor spacing as the dependent variable,when both inside and outside double anchor exist at the same time,different cognitive style individuals bias problem when making decisions,using ERP technology at the same time,to reveal the different cognitive styles of individual decisions electrical difference and inner mechanism of anchoring effect.Experimental results show that when both internal and external anchors exist simultaneously,both field-dependent and field-independent groups tend to be external anchors.Compared with the field independent group,the field dependent group produced larger N2,P3 and LPC values in the target stimulus presentation stage.To sum up,the conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)In the field of career decision,there is also an external and internal anchoring effect,and there is a difference in the size of the anchoring effect of the different cognitive style groups,and it is more than an independent group that is the anchoring effect of the codependent group.(2)when both internal and external anchors exist,both field-dependent groups and field-independent groups are inclined to external anchors.In addition,in the cognitive processing of target stimuli,the field-dependent group needs to make greater efforts and cognitive attention resources to complete the recognition and information processing of stimuli.(3)When both internal and external anchors exist simultaneously,the neural mechanism of anchoring effect is as follows: in the early stage of cognitive processing,the access model is more dominant(N2 component appears).In the middle and late stages of cognitive processing,inadequate adjustment of the model takes advantage(P3,the emergence of LPC components).