The Multilateral Mediation Under Un Towards Cease-fire Negotiation In The Korean War(1950.10-1951.2)

In October 1950,Chinese People’s Volunteer Army joined in the Korean War and devastated the UN army.In February 1951,the US manipulated the UN and passed the resolution,condemning China as the “aggressor”.This thesis presents the initial mediation of the Korean War during this period,and discusses whether there is an opportunity for armistice in China’s favor.The thesis will be divided into four chapters:Chapter 1 describes that at the beginning of the Korean War in the absence of the Soviet Union;UN impetuously passed the resolution that condemned North Korea as an "aggressor".After the Soviet Union returned to the Security Council,the Security Council’s discussion on the Korean issues were deadlocked.At this time,due to the success of Incheon landing operation,the UN army began to consider whether to cross the 38 th parallel.However,they had to consider if China would participate in the war.Despite the warnings from India,the United States and the United Kingdom still believed that China would not send troops.Therefore,they launched several offensives across the 38 th parallel.Contrary to their expectations,Chinese People’s Volunteer Army joined in the Korea War for national security considerations.This added a new factor to the Korean peninsula.After the outbreak of the Korean War,China accused the US based on the aggressions that US army bombed Chinese territory near the China-North Korea border and that US navy occupied the Taiwan Strait.Chapter 2 covers the Security Council’s discussion on the issue of whether to invite China to attend relevant conferences.Eventually,China was invited,but both accusations of US aggressions were denied rashly.After China dispatched the People’s Volunteer Army to resist the US,almost all the other countries in the United Nations introduced numerous mediation programs in order to placate China’s worries about the “American threat” and to prevent the escalation of the Korean War.Finally,a Thirteen-Power resolution submitted by Asian-Arab countries was adopted by the United Nation.Consequently,a three-person ceasefire committee was established to continue the mediation.Chapter 3 examines the mediation negotiations facilitated by the UN during the month before the release of the condemnation resolution.Although the three-person ceasefire group hoped to reach an armistice,it was not recognized by China.In the end,the United Nation failed to reach a ceasefire.Instead,it passed a resolution condemning China as the "aggressor." The reasons for the failure of mediation include the turmoil in the war situation and the incompatible interests between China and the United States during negotiation.The failure of mediation also further deteriorated the war situation,and the armistice was further delayed.Tensions arose between the Commonwealth countries and the United States.Chapter 4 analyzes three specific issues,i.e.,the roles played by the other countries and the influence of the UN during the mediation negotiations,and whether China had an opportunity to achieve armistice.First of all,although the mediation failed,the efforts from the other countries cannot be denied.Because of the Western European countries such as the Great Britain,and the Asia-Arab countries like India,the US condemnation scheme was deferred to the greatest extent.Secondly,this mediation was facilitated by the United Nation,an institution to safeguard world peace and collective security.However,it inevitably served as the puppet for the superpowers.Finally,because the United States had no intention to reach a truce,China had no chance of an armistice,realistically.