| In 1984,one of distinguished linguists,M.A.K Halliday put forward a concept--grammatical metaphor(GM)which is closely related to lexical metaphor but actually different from the latter.This theory has attracted relevant scholars' attention since it was proposed.Although researchers from both abroad and home have done plenty of studies about it,studies about GM in news headlines are still rare.Therefore,this thesis is devoted to making a contrastive analysis on GM in headlines of both Chinese and English news in light of the theory of grammatical metaphor.Through qualitative and quantitative research method,an analysis of the data of this thesis is conducted.This thesis aims at answering the following three research questions:(1)How do different kinds of grammatical metaphor distribute in the Chinese news headlines and English news headlines?(2)What functions do different kinds of grammatical metaphor perform in the news headlines?(3)What are the similarities and differences of distribution and function of grammatical metaphor between the English and Chinese news headlines?There are 306 pieces of English New Headlines and 423 pieces of Chinese News Headlines collected from two authoritative newspapers--People's Daily(Home Version)and Cable News Network(CNN)about FIFA World Cup Russia 2018 during it's opening period.Under the guidance of Halliday's GM theory,this thesis identifies and classifies the collected data as the preparation for later analysis.By analyzing GM expressions in headlines of Chinese and English news,this thesis came to the following conclusions:1)GM is frequently used in the Chinese and English news headlines.The types of GM distributed in English data include GM realized by transitivity system,nominalization,adverbialization,adjectivization and metaphor of mood as well as metaphor of modality.Similarly,there are GM expressions realized by transitivity system,nominalization,adverbialization,adjectivization,verbalization,metaphor of mood and metaphor of modality in Chinese data.Specifically speaking,metaphor of modality in Chinese news headlines includes inclination,probability,usuality and obligation,while only inclination,probability,and obligation are found in English news headlines.2)Martin(2008)proposed three functions of grammatical metaphor,namely: building knowledge,distributing value and organizing discourse.In light of Martin's theory of the functions of grammatical metaphor,this thesis conducts an analysis of the functions of grammatical metaphor performed in the news headlines.This study finds that grammatical metaphor performs the three functions in both Chinese and English news headlines.The Chinese news headline performs the building knowledge function through reconstruing human experience and creating new terms and performs the function of distributing values by being objective and invoking emotion and creating atmosphere.In English data,the function of building knowledge has been achieved only by reconstruing human experience,while the realizing way of distributing values function is the same as that in Chinese news headlines.Grammatical metaphor in the Chinese and English news headlines performs organizing discourse function by means of condensing information in order to make the news headlines as concise as possible.3)On the whole,the proportion of interpersonal metaphor is larger than that of ideational metaphor in both English and Chinese data.However,different kinds of interpersonal metaphor and ideational metaphor distribute in distinct ways in Chinese and English news headlines.The ideational metaphor in the English news headlines is mostly realized by the transitivity system,while in Chinese news headlines,the proportion of word class shift is larger,especially nominalization.Metaphor of mood plays an important role in the realization of interpersonal metaphor in English news headlines.However,the occurrence of interpersonal metaphor in Chinese news headlines relies more on metaphor of modality.Although GM in English data and GM in Chinese data perform three identical functions,the way they are realized is slightly different from each other as GM in English news headlines creates no new expressions,but GM in Chinese news headlines does.After analyzing the distribution and function of GM in headlines of Chinese and English news as well as the similarities and differences between GM in the two languages,this thesis tries to explain the found differences from four aspects: cultural background,linguistic features,characteristics of these two news media as well as Chinese and English readers' different perceptions of news and owes the reasons of similarities to the property of GM and functions of the news headlines.This thesis possesses certain theoretical and practical significance.First of all,theoretically speaking,the exploration of the similarities and differences of grammatical metaphor between Chinese and English provides a broader perspective for GM study more than just giving a proof about the close relationship between thinking and language.From a practical point of view,the study of GM could promote the application of GM in foreign language teaching.Finally,the analysis of the language used in news headline text can help the public to truly understand news headlines,so as to obtain information in a healthy and scientific manner. |
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