The Research Of Adverbs In The Twelve Towers

The Twelve Towers Adverbs are one of the more complex categories in Chinese vocabulary.Because of its semi-empty and semi-real characteristics,the qualitative analysis of adverbs is still a controversial issue in linguistic circles today.Modern Chinese adverbs are in a stage of gradual evolution.Some of them gradually become empty real words,or develop from monosyllabic to disyllabic and polysyllabic words.On the other hand,some of them are gradually used less and even disappear in modern Chinese.In this paper,the adverbs in the novel the Twelve Towers in the early Qing Dynasty are sorted out systematically.According to their specific characteristics,the adverbs are divided into six categories: degree adverbs,scope adverbs,mood adverbs,modal adverbs,time adverbs and negative adverbs.And exhaustive statistics of various types of adverbs,according to the specific semantic and syntactic characteristics of adverbs in each category,divided into subcategories,and each category to be explained,statistics of the proportion of each type of adverbs.Starting from the main semantic and syntactic features,combined with the analysis of the origin and development of each adverb,this paper makes a comprehensive interpretation and analysis of the six types of adverbs in the Twelve Towers.The difference between the degree adverbs in the Twelve Towers and those in modern Chinese is that the degree adverbs in the Twelve Towers tend to modify verbal structures freely,while the degree adverbs in modern Chinese tend to modify adjectives with more restrictions when modifying verbs.The scope adverbs in the Twelve Towers are mainly used to modify and limit the scope of the subject of action and the number of related action.Its main syntactic features are relatively uniform.It can generally modify verbs and adjective predicates,and then add some nouns and quantitative parts of speech.The time adverbs in the Twelve Towers embody the basic characteristics of modern Chinese adverbs,that is,adverbs are in the period of gradual weakening of meaning,some adverbs are gradually used,and some are discontinued in modern Chinese.Among them,the adverbs are produced in different times.As early as the Wei and Jin Dynasties,words such as "already" and "always" had already become words.The modal adverbs in the Twelve Towers have obvious features and tend to be substantive in meaning than other adverbs,but they are usually used as adverbials before predicates in the same way as adverbs.In terms of syntactic structure,modal adverbs are generally closely related to the verbal structure they modify,and their semantics refer to the predicate component they modify,and in a few cases to the former subject component.The modal adverbs in the Twelve Towers generally express the speaker's subjective opinions or attitudes towards something.Their syntactic structure is relatively free.They can modify verbal structures,sometimes noun structures,quantitative structures and subject-predicate structures.The syntactic features of negative adverbs in the Twelve Towers are multi-modifier verbal structures,and in a few cases adjective structures can be modified.This paper studies the changes and characteristics of adverbs in modern Chinese from the perspectives of grammar,semantics and pragmatics by means of quantitative and qualitative analysis,case tracing and comparative analysis.