Investigate The Directed Forgetting Effect Of Neutral Faces In Fifth Grade Students And Adults

Inhibition control is considered to be one of the core components of executive function.Its not only very important to keep the irrelevant stimuli from going into the memory system and maintain important information,but also important to ensure that memory retrieval processes are more accurate.In numerous methods of studying the inhibition control ability,directed forgetting paradigm with which to studying how to prevent irrelevant stimulus from going into the memory system is widely used and mature.We show preference for faces when we were infants,which provides us with a lot of useful information in daily life.Former directional forgetting researches mostly focused on words and scene images,and this study compensate for the lack of ecological factors-the others' faces expression which have the closest relationship with human being,and further explore whether its processing specificity makes it more difficult to forget.As growing up,inhibition control is particularly important for the development of children,especially for students in learning phase.Inhibition of irrelevant information is related to whether the knowledge will be effectively used or not and is also a key to improve academic performance.Fifth grade students is in a specific phase when imagery thinking was evolved to abstract logical thinking,which is also a transitional period of development of inhibition control.This study used the directed forgetting paradigm to investigate the ability of directed forgetting of neutral faces in grown ups and fifth grade students,to further evaluate inhibition control development of different age groups.Results: In the first experiment,the hit rate difference of recognition under three kinds of conditions in fifth grade subjects was not significant,nor was the discrimination index difference,which means no directed forgetting effect occurred.In the second experiment,the hit rate difference of recognition under three kinds of conditions in adult subjects was marginal significant,the difference between just watch and forget condition reached significant,participants' hit rate under the condition of justwatch was significantly higher than forget,and there is a significant difference in condition of remember and forget,namely significant directed forgetting effect occurred,there is no difference between remember and just watch condition;discrimination index differences of recognition under three kinds of conditions in adult subjects was significant,indicates a face on the condition of just watch was identified significantly better than faces on the condition of forget,the difference was also significant between remembered and forgotten faces which means produce directed forgetting,there is no difference between remember and just watch condition.Conclusion: the inhibition control ability in fifth grade students have get certain development,but the inhibition mechanism is not yet mature.The ability to control unrelated stimulus is not impeccable,and the inhibitory ability will be affected by the object which to be inhibited.When to inhibit complex objects,such as face images,it is very difficult to produce directed forgetting effect.With the increase of age,inhibition control ability of adult subjects is better than fifth grade subjects,which means inhibitory ability has been gradually developed,and inhibition of irrelevant stimuli are also gradually increased.This study found that compared to selectively remembering the to be remembered items the key of the directed forgetting effect is mainly and stably depends on forgetting the inhibited items,supporting for the viewpoint that inhibition control mechanism is the main mechanism of directed forgetting effect.