The Influence Of Time Delay On Event-based Prospective Memory And The Exploring Of The Cognition Process

Embering to perform an action in the future is called prospective memory(PM).It contains time-based prospective memory(TBPM)and event-based prospective memory(TBPM).TBPM refers to remembering to perform an action at a specific time or after a certain amount of time has elapsed.And EBPM refers that one must be performed when a certain event occurs.Both of these memory constitute a crucial form of memory use in our daily lives.This paper mainly introduces EBPM.PM contains two components,the prospective component and the retrospective component.Remembering that you have to do something is the prospective component,whereas remembering what you have to do and when you have to do it is considered the retrospective component(Einstein&McDaniel,2000).In order to know how the delay impact the prospective memory,this article,we split the traditional delay into two sections,filler task delay and ongoing task delay,the former is the length of the filler task,the latter is the length from we begin the ongoing task to we meet the first PM cue.The multinomial model of event-based prospective memory was used to analyze effects different delay on the two prospective memory components separately.There are two experiments in this article,the first one researched the trend of the prospective memory performance by controlling the delay of filler task and ongoing task.The multinomial model of event-based prospective memory was used to analyze effects different delay on the two prospective memory components separately.The use of mediator variable make predecessors' suppose clearly,that wether is the self-remind and detection in the filler task and ongoing task impact prospective memory performance.The result is:(1)Lengthening the ongoing task delay decreased PM.However,lengthening the filler task nominally increased PM;(2)With the increase of filler task delay,retrospective component appeared the trend that to decline significantly after rising;With the increase of ongoing task delay,the prospective component significantly reduced,however,the retrospective component dramatically increased;(3)Self-reminding is not the mediator variable between delay and the PM performance,but the detection is the mediator variable between ongoing task delay and PM performance.The second one explored the method of increase prospective memory performance by controlling the way of attention allocation.The result is:(1)The distribution of attention resource and the division of attention resource were significant affected the Process of prospective memory;(2)Emphasize the significance of prospective memory task can not only improve the prospective component and retrospective component,also can improve the ongoing task performance;Under the condition of difficulty ongoing task,participants' prospective component and retrospective component are significantly higher than the condition of simple ongoing task,however,ongoing task performance in the opposite situation;(3)Emphasize the significance of prospective memory task and reduce the difficulty of ongoing task can decrease the negative influence from the ongoing task delay to PM performance.We got the conclusions:(1)The influence of different types of time delay of prospective memory trend is different,the specific performance for different time delays can cause internal component variations of prospective memory;(2)We can change people to allocation attention resources reasonably to reduce the negative influence of time delay on prospective memory.