The Domain Of Cognitive Control:An Exploration Based On Cognitive And Emotional Conflict Adaptation

In a conflicting task,the individual activates the execution control function to resolve the conflict,and the activated execution control function can be migrated to the subsequent conflicting task to better resolve the subsequent conflict,which is also called conflict adaptation.The domain of conflict adaptation,that is,conflict adaptation is a domain-general or domain-specific,has always been a controversial topic.Previous studies usually combine two different types of cognitive tasks to explore the domain of cognitive control.The emotional conflict control that emerged on the basis of cognitive conflict control research is also in the category of cognitive control,but few studies focus on the two-dimensional cross-task conflict adaptation domain between cognitive and emotional tasks,so two experiments were designed in this study to combine cognitive tasks and emotional tasks to explore the domain of cognitive control,and our research expands the field of cognitive control.Experiment 1 uses task-switching design combining color block Stroop task and word-face Stroop task to explore the domain of cognitive control.The research results show that the main effect of the current emotional task on the reaction time is significant in the cognitive-emotional dimension.Specifically,the response under inconsistent conditions is significantly longer than the consistent condition,which is consistent with the classic emotional conflict effect.The interaction between cognitive and emotional tasks is not significant,suggesting that cognitive control from cognitive tasks to emotional tasks is domain-specific.In the emotion-cognitive dimension,the main effect of the current cognitive task in response time and correct rate is significant,which is manifested in that the response time under inconsistent conditions is longer than the consistent condition,and the correct rate under inconsistent conditions is lower than the consistent condition,which is consistent with the classic cognitive conflict effect.The interaction between emotion and cognitive tasks is not significant,suggesting that cognitive control from emotional tasks to cognitive tasks is domain-specific.Since the task-related and task-unrelated stimulus dimensions are simultaneously converted in the task-switching design,this creates a task-conversion cost,which in turn interferes with the experimental results,and the task-crossing design can avoid such interference.Therefore,in experiment 2,we used the task-crossing design combining Simon and word-face Stroop,meanwhile,using event-related potential technology(ERP),to explore the brain physiological mechanism corresponding to behavior.The results showed that in the cognitive task,the subjects showed classic conflict adaptation effects in response time,central-parietal N450 amplitude,central-parietal and parietal-occipital SP amplitude,suggesting the generality of the field within the task.In the emotional task,the subjects showed classic conflict adaptation effects in the response time,the central-frontal N450 amplitude and parietal-occipital SP amplitude,suggesting the generality of the field within the task.From cognitive tasks to emotional tasks,the reaction time and the correct rate,as well as the central-parietal N450 and the parietal SP components,did not find conflict adaptation effects,suggesting the domain specificity from cognitive tasks to emotional tasks.From emotional tasks to cognitive tasks,the reaction time,the correct rate,and the N450 and SP components in the central area did not find conflict adaptation effects,suggesting the domain specificity from emotional tasks to cognitive tasks.Combining the results of the two experiments,we conclude that:(1)The task-switching design produces the conversion cost to influence the research result of cognitive control domain,and the task-crossing design can avoid the interference of the conversion cost,that is,the task-crossing design is more conducive to exploring the cognitive control domain between before and after trials.(2)The conflict adaptation within cognitive tasks and emotional tasks have differences in brain region mechanisms in conflict monitoring,and there are differences in latency and brain regions in conflict resolution.(3)The conflict adaptation from cognitive tasks to emotional tasks has domain specificity,and conflict adaptation from emotional tasks to cognitive tasks is also domain-specific.Therefore,cognitive control is domain-specific.