A Study On Urban Development Of Pingxiang In Modern Times(1892-1945)

Ping Xiang county has been ruled by the county since ancient times,and it was also a city ruled by the state during the Ming and Qing dynasties.Ping Xiang has always been a traditional administrative center city.Limited by natural conditions,political status and other factors,its economic development lags behind other cities along the southeast coast to a large extent.It was not until 1892 that Zhang Zhidong began to operate the coal resources of Ping Xiang.In 1898,the establishment of Ping Xiang coal mine started the modernization of Ping Xiang city.The completion of Zhu Ping railway in 1905 and the establishment of Han Ye Ping coal,iron and ore plant co.ltd.in 1908 continuously promoted the transformation of Ping Xiang into a new industrial and mining city.In spite of this,Ping Xiang could not avoid the destruction caused by the turmoil of the times,especially during the war of resistance against Japan.This paper studies the development of Ping Xiang city from the perspective of urban history,and combines the theories of sociology,economics and demography.Taking urbanization and urban modernization as the central clues,this paper reveals the context,process and characteristics of the evolution of industrialization,urbanization and urban modernization of Ping Xiang in modern times,and then reveals the fundamental factors of Ping Xiang's urbanization and modernization.In the first chapter,the natural environment and human environment of Ping Xiang are simply explained,and the natural conditions,the development of history and urban construction of Ping Xiang are detailed analyzed.;Changes of administrative division of Ping Xiang in different periods and resource development of Ping Xiang before late Qing dynasty.The second,third and fourth chapters respectively discuss the development of Ping Xiang from various stages: the rise of Ping Xiang(1892-1908),the development of Ping Xiang(1909-1936)and the tortuous development of Ping Xiang(1937-1945).In addition,this paper also discusses the three periods of urban public utilities,such as communication,urban water supply and drainage,electric lights,new public buildings.According to the analysis,it can be found that Ping Xiang's modernization started relatively late compared with other cities along the southeast coast,and itsurban development is not coordinated.The coal industry occupies a significant proportion in the urban economic structure,and the urban function has a strong industrial color.Finally the conclusion also briefly discusses the influence of Ping Xiang city development from different factors.These factors include the positive factors,such as the development of railways and coal mines which promote the development of cities.Besides,the negative factors,such as the factors of war which hinder the development of cities.