A Study Of Samuel Beckett's Novel Murphy:

Ruby Cohn called Beckett's novel "Cosmological Comedy".He thought that on the kernel,it connects Kierkegaard,Dostoevsky and Proust,Kafka and Joyce;In form,it inherits Homer,Aristophanes,Chaucer and Rabelaite,Hamlet.This combination made Beckett's heroes are not morally victorious through their laughter,their suffering and death are part of a larger,grimmer joke—the absurdity of the human situation,the cosmological comedy.Beckett finally created a unique epistemological comedy based on this form.And the development direction of this epistemological comedy is based on the rebellious nihilism tone.Nihilism,as a contemporary ideological dilemma,has its complicated origins and development tendency,and Beckett makes intercessions for it through Murphy and shows his own position and solution path.In the era of Beckett's background,nihilism concept is mainly considered from the Enlightenment Modernity,but Beckett goes back to Gorgias and Democritus,in the philosophy of Pre-Socrates finding the source and the Cosmological Nihilism,and makes intercessions of the internal contradictions of nihilism in the relationship between the cosmology-ethics:the relationship between subject and object(human-nature),subject is too prominent;The "small needs"derived from the main body's own desires have made a closed system,and human behavior cannot reach the "big needs" that reflect human necessity.This thesis is divided into three parts.The first part is the introduction to the first chapter,which explains the origin of the topic,clarifies the relationship between the concepts and briefly expounds the relationship between "Cosmological Comedy" and the nihilism in the novel..The second part is chapter two to four.The second chapter mainly elaborates the background of Beckett's nihilism from the perspective of literary history,and explains the specific meaning of Beckett's hero's pursuit of "Eden" in the light of the specific meaning of nihilism in Murphy;The third chapter from the perspective of narration illustrates the intercession of nihilism in the novel,and the narrative strategy adopted by the novel specifically clarifies Beckett's views on the relationship between subject and object and extends it to the ethical level;The fourth chapter elaborates the intercession of "Cosmological Comedy" of nihilism from the perspective of cosmology from the relationship between the action of the characters in the novel and the time pattern.The third part is the conclusion.Through the foregoing narration,the artistic standpoint of Beckett embodied in the "Cosmological Comedy" is generally explained and contrasted with the standpoint of Isaiah Berlin and Sartre.In general,the thesis builds a framework based on the allusions of the Bible and Genesis,explores the connection between the "Cosmological Comedy" and its nihilism in Murphy,and explores the motivation and origin of Beckett's creation.Besides,through the research path and the development of the topic,the thesis is willing to deepen the study of Beckett's early English novels.