| The inheritance and development of ethnic culture is the witness and portrayal of the ethnic history.It is also the intrinsic source of ethnic survival and development.Ethnic cultural ecology is the crystallization of the ecological wisdom of ethnic minorities.The construction of eco-cultural protection area creates a favorable environment to effectively protect and inherit local material and intangible cultural heritage.Tourism development is a carrier for the in-depth exploration of local ethnic culture.However,with the decline of traditional architecture and regional culture,local residents are away from home.Due to excessive development,the cultural ecology is seriously destructed.Therefore,it is significant to know the local cultural connotation,the eco-cultural value the eco-cultural value and the compensation of it so as to protect cultural ecology and promote sustainable development of tourism,which can also provide an important reference to the practice of China's eco-cultural compensation.Based on the eco-cultural theory,this paper takes the three experimental area of Tujia and Miao ethnic eco-culturalprotection in Wuling Mountain Area as a case study.With approaches of literature research and questionnaire survey,the ethnic eco-cultural genes of Wuling Mountain Area are deeply analyzed.This paper constructs the ethnic eco-cultural value compensation evaluation model with the market value method,the alternative cost method,protection cost method and the travel cost method to evaluate the ethnic eco-cultural value of the Wuling Mountain Ehnic Eco-cultural Protection Area in different areas and time.From the perspective of local residents and tourists,this paper analyzes the status of the ethnic cultural ecology and the recognition of value compensation to clarify the objects,methods and standards of eco-cultural value compensation.It also establishes a general eco-cultural value compensation mechanism.The results show that:(1)As the main local cultural genes,the Chu culture of unique folk culture in Xiangxi Prefecture,the Batu culture characterized by Qingjiang River in southwestern Hubei,and the Bayu culture of the multi-ethnicity in southeastern Chongqing,they are the keys to construct Wuling Mountain Eco-cultural Protection Area as well as to protect and inherit culture.(2)In Wuling Mountain Eco-cultural Protection Area,the total value of the provisioning service is far greater than that ofthe regulating service,and the annual value of the former varies greatly.The two kinds of value amount the largest in southwestern Hubei,followed by southeastern Chongqing and Xiangxi.In 2016,the total value of cultural services was221.595 billion Yuan,including 98.768 billion Yuan in southwestern Hubei,53.946 billion Yuan in southeastern Chongqing,and 68.881 billion Yuan in Xiangxi.On average,each tourist enjoyed a cultural service worth 1,714.11 Yuan.(3)The paper establishes a complete operating mechanism of the compensation for the ethnic eco-cultural value with the subjects,objects,methods and standards as the key part,including the institutional guarantee,the organizational coordination,the benefit evaluation,the propaganda and education,and the poverty alleviation as the supporting part.Based on the conclusions,it proposes enlightenment on the ethnic eco-cultural protection and tourism development management in Wuling Mountain Area,and promotes the implementation of eco-cultural compensation work. |
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