Interpretation Of Heterotopia In William Faulkner's The Sound And The Fury Under Script Theory

William Faulkner is an outstanding novelist in the history of South American literature.He has written 19 river novels throughout his lifetime.As his most famous masterpiece,The Sound and the Fury bases on the changing southern society and describes the rise and fall of the royal South American family,Compson family.This novel which describes the spiritual state and life experience of the Compson family members is actually an epic describing the social changes of South American society.The novel is extremely subversive and discrepant in its writing style and creative techniques and it shows subversion in the order of time and space,character characterization.French scholar Michel Foucault believes that the subversive feature in literary works reflects the characteristics of Heterotopia which brings difficulty to readers in fully experiencing the novel during the reading process.Since its publication,The Sound and the Fury has received extensive attention from domestic and foreign scholars.Scholars have carried out studies from all kinds of perspectives,such as: narratology,aesthetics,feminism,polyphony,etc.However,few scholars study Heterotopia features in the novel from the perspective of cognition.Script Theory mainly discusses how the knowledge structure of script affects language understanding.Script Theory provides a theoretical basis for the interpretation of literary works.Scripts are a kind of knowledge structure based on fixed sequence.It can be divided into unmarked scripts and marked scripts depending on whether they follow the conventionality or not.Unmarked scripts are used to analyze the phenomenon which follows fixed structures,while marked scripts are used to interpret the phenomenon which does not follow fixed structures.Marked scripts as an important category of Script Theory provide the most appropriate theoretical paradigm for the interpretation of Heterotopia in The Sound and the Fury.Through research,we find that Heterotopias in The Sound and the Fury are concentrated in five aspects: time,space,structure,perspective,and characters,and are mainly manifested on: the breakage and reconstruction of time,the isolation and exclusion of space,the differentiation and diversity of perspective,the correlation and juxtapositon of structure and the weirdness and deformity of character.By deconstructing five types of Heterotopia in the novel,we find that the existing five types of Heterotopia can be interpreted by marked scripts,sequence breakage script to interpret time Heterotopia;viewpoint deviation script to interpret perspective Heterotopia;default value replacement script to interpret structure Heterotopia;metaphor script to interpret space Heterotopia and source domain script to interpret character Heterotopia.Finally,we extract the corresponding marked scripts that are suitable for analyzing the above five types of Heterotopia.From the perspective of cognition,this thesis fully explains characteristics of Heterotopia in literary works and builds corresponding marked scripts in order to help readers better understand the subversiveness in literary works and to appreciate the artistry of such literary works.