Research On Sichuan Wax Industry Economy During The Republic Of China

White wax is a famous Chinese native product,which is made from the juice secreted by the wax insects parasitic on the wax tree.Because Sichuan produces the most white wax,the best quality,and the most famous,white wax is also known as "chuan wax." The production and utilization of ash has a long history in China,has excellent characteristics,and has a wide range of uses in all aspects,which has great economic value.At present,the research on white wax in the academic circles mostly focuses on the biochemical properties of white wax and ash tree,the production technology of white wax,the utilization value of white wax,etc.,lacking attention to the social history of white wax.This paper intends to comprehensively sort out the development history of white wax,and deeply study the modern Sichuan white wax economy,and strive to make up for the lack of research on white wax in the academic circle to a certain extent,and enrich the content of Sichuan specialty industry research during the Republic of China.Sichuan is located in the southwest of China,with excellent geographical conditions,diverse topography,complex climate types,and sufficient labor,which provide favorable conditions for the production of various Sichuan products.The products produced in Sichuan mainly include tea,sucrose,raw silk,tung oil,well salt,and white wax.The white wax produced in Sichuan is of high quality and is well received by the market.White wax has high utilization value in production and life.It is a traditional Chinese export material and an important part of Sichuan traditional mountain goods export industry.White wax has a long history of development in China.In the Qing Dynasty,“Chuan Wax” has become an indispensable item in the daily life of the Sichuan people.In the Qing Dynasty,on the one hand,ash can increase the income of local people and create huge economic benefits.On the other hand,it has some social problems due to the rich profits of ash.At the same time,Sichuan White Wax also brought huge financial benefits to the Sichuan local government.The government set up a white wax company for better management and management of white wax.During the Republic of China,with the development of social productivity and industry,white wax has become more widely used in medicine and food,and has become an indispensable raw material for many industrial products.Sichuan farmers use white wax as a sideline business and become an important means for farmers to obtain economic benefits.A large number of farmers raise wax insects and produce white wax.There are also a large number of white wax operators in the market.The wax insects and white wax trades are carried out on the market,forming a lush white wax industry economy.Sichuan's white wax production areas are mainly distributed in Emei,Leshan,Yibin and other places,with the largest output of Emei.There are eight main types of wax insects used in the production of white wax,among which Yunnan has the largest insect production and is the main source of wax insects in the wax-producing area of Sichuan.The production of white wax needs to go through four main links: planting trees-worms-hanging insects-picking-tanning.For a long time,Sichuan has been using the production and operation mode of independent division of insect areas and wax areas.Insect farmers in the insect-producing area need to transport the insect species from the insect-producing area to the wax-producing area every spring.Due to the maturity of the wax worms and the extremely short hanging time,in order to arrive at an early date,the worms often go day and night,and they are called “walking wax”.The wax farmers in the wax-producing area need to transport the waxes that have been made to the waxes in various places.The waxes are reprocessed and packaged by the wax line,and then sold to various places by various transportation methods.Since the equipment and technology required for the production of ash are relatively simple,most of the technology relies on the production and management income and long-term accumulation of life passed down from generation to generation.Therefore,although the production of white wax has a long history,it still fails to form a large-scale industrialized operation.It has always been in the state of independent production of rural households and decentralized operation of wax.Affected by the war and the political situation,the development of Sichuan's white wax industry has also suffered tremendous trauma.With the development of industrial technology,traditional white wax is impacted by alternatives such as paraffin,the market demand for white wax is decreasing,and the development of white wax industry is not as good as before.In the 1930 s,the Sichuan white wax industry began to decline.On the eve of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War,the Sichuan white wax industry nearly died.The reason is that in addition to the harsh external environment,the drawbacks of the white wax industry's own production and operation,the use value of white wax is not further developed and utilized,the white wax market is sluggish,and the white wax operators' negatives have accelerated the Sichuan white wax industry.Depression.However,it is undeniable that the development of the Sichuan white wax industry during the Republic of China increased the economic income of the Sichuan people and increased the government's fiscal revenue.It is an important part of Sichuan's foreign trade and has made important contributions to the development of Sichuan's rural economy.