The Reality Of The Modus In Spinoza's Philosophy

Spinoza is an important philosopher in the history of Western Philosophy.The reseach of Spinozas philosophy has a long history at home and abroad.However,there are few discussions on the reality of the modus in Spinozas philosophy.Even some of the existing researches often regard the modus as the affections of attributes.As for Spinozas philosophy system,it is very important to explore the reality of modus.On the one hand,it is directly related to the second kind of knowledge,and the "common propria" emphasized by the second kind of knowledge can help us gradually understand God.On the other hand,the ignorance of the reality of modus will directly affect our understandings of God,the third kind of knowledge and the way to the happies.First of all,this paper clarifies the differences of Spinozas concept of entity or God or nature by combing the ideological sources of Spinozas entity and modality theory.Secondly,through discussing Hegels criticism of Spinozas philosophy for its lack of particularity and reality,this paper points out that Spinozas philosophy does have the suspicion of neglecting the reality of modus.Then,through the discussion of Deleuzes refutation of Hegels criticism,I want to clarify that the identity of attributus does not mean that there is the same identity between the modus,On the contrary,it shows the particularity and reality of the modus.Then,by analyzing the difference of identity of attributus and modus,we try to clarify the relationship between the substantia and the modus,and explain what it means of the reality of the modus.On this basis,through the comparative analysis of the second and third kinds of knowledge in Spinozas philosophy,it is pointed out that the reality of the modus provides us with a feasible method to know the God in epistemology,that is,to get the true knowledge about God through the reasoning of "common propria",which is actually the modern scientific method.In terms of the cognitive power,the consistency between rational ability and humans moral essence provides power for cognition.Rational cognition is also the exertion of subjective initiative.Humans morality is essentially a kind of self preservation,and humans initiative is just to strive for self preservation.From this point of view,this paper attempts to explore how to recognize the God from the perspective of cognitive methods and cognitive dynamics.