A Study Of The Verb Reduplication In Qingwen Zhiyao Based On Collation Of Manchu And Chinese

Taking verb reduplication in the literature Qingwen Zhiyao written by Manchu and Chinese in Qing dynasty as the main research object,this article investigates the specific form,synchronic and diachronic characteristics of the reduplication,and applies the method of collation of Manchu and Chinese to study the meaning of tense and aspect of verb reduplication.The verb reduplication in Qingwen Zhiyao mainly includes following 9 categories:"VV","V-V","V了一 V","V他一V","V 着 V 着”,"V1V1V2V2","V来V去","V 了又 V" and "V 着又 V".Analysed from the perspective of verb reduplication,the inheritance,differences and uniqueness of intertextual documents such as Manchu(Mongolian)and Han-Chinese documents and Pekingese textbooks can be drawn.In terms of the meaning of tense and aspect,the verb reduplication in Qingwen Zhiyao can represent transitory aspect,durative aspect,and iterative aspect.First,"V了一 V","V一V",and single-dual syllable "VV" represent transitory aspect.From the perspective of correspondence between Manchu and Chinese,the verb reduplication and the sentence which contains verb reduplication can correspond to Manchu "majige+V",imperative(-reo/-reu,-ki,etc.),present tense and past tense,conditional adverbs,and they respectively embodies its short-term,slight meaning,dynamics,completeness and the characteristics often appeared in conditional sentences.Second,"V 着 V 着" and "V 来 V 去"represent durative aspect."V 着 V 着" represents the continuation of "V".As for "V 来 V 去",the previous researches studied Chinese historical documents have proved that "V 来 V 去"firstly represents iterative aspect and then durative aspect(Chen Qianrui,Wang Jihong,2019).The tense and aspect meaning mainly corresponds to the continuous adverbial verbs and up to adverbial verbs in Manchu.Third,"V 了又 V" represents iterative aspect.The discourse of disyllabic verbs in Qingwen Zhiyao can be expressed in the form of "V 了又 V" which is affected by Manchu.As for the "V1V1V2V2",it can express iterative aspect and describe state.From the perspective of Manchu-Chinese correspondence,it mainly corresponds to continuous adverbial verbs,parallel adverbial verbs and state words of Manchu,and some of them are alternately formed by vowels.In addition,"V 他一V" may be used to emphasize that the object is affected.There are geographical differences in Bannermen’s Chinese verb reduplication.The use of the reduplication among Qingwen Zhiyao by the Pekingese Bannermen,New Journal Qingwen Zhiyao by the Garrison Eight Banner Bannermen,and Man Han Cheng Yu Dui Dai by the Northeast Bannermen are different.In terms of stylistics,there are also differences in the use of verb reduplication between QingWen ZhiYao and rap literature Zidishu.The use of the Chinese verb reduplication of the bannermen represented by QingWen ZhiYao is in line with the common trend of reduplication development till Qing Dynasty,and the reduplication forms are relatively abundant.It also has its own characteristics.For example,the reduplication category "V 了一 V" can represent momentum,and the two-syllable verbs can be used in the "V 了又 V" format.After research,it can be found that they are affected by the translation of "V+dade(and)+geli(again)+V(the same as the previous V)".