| Wang Bin's(??)inscriptions refer to the inscriptions with"Wang Bin"."Wang Bin"is the basic example of this type of inscription.There are also some variants,such as"Wang Qi Bin","Wang Fu Bin","Wang Wu Bin"and so on.This article is devoted to refining the content and characteristics of different groups of Wang Bin's inscriptions based on sufficient collection of materials,and then comparing the similarities and differences of each group's Wang Bin's inscriptions and summarizing the characteristics of the development and evolution of Wang Bin's inscriptions.There is a clearer understanding of the nature of the Wang Bin's inscriptions.Fully collect materials and make a comparative analysis of the Wang Bin inscriptions of each group.The characteristics and evolution of each group of Wang Bin inscriptions can be summarized from three levels:From the perspective of the sentence structure of Wang Bin's inscriptions,there are very few examples of Wang Bin's inscriptions in the early Shi group(?),and only one is seen.This may be because Wang Bin's inscriptions are still in the embryonic stage;The Bin group(??)has increased slightly,but the number is still not large,and the sentence patterns are quite messy.There are many Wang Bin sentence patterns unique to the Bin group.This shows that the Wang Bin's inscriptions in the Bin group has developed,but it is still not a system;There are a large number of Wang Bin's inscriptions,and the sentence patterns are the most complicated in He group(??),but they have gradually followed rules.The sentence patterns can be clearly divided into two types and three systems according to the ancestors in the lexicon and the number of ancestors.It is composed of Wang Bin,ancestors,sacrifice names,sacrifices,and greetings,but the combination method and number are different,resulting in a large number of variants,which shows that Wang Bin's inscriptions are gradually systematized;The He group is the same as the Chu group(??),but many variations have been reduced,and it has been gradually simplified and standardized.The Li group(??)and Wuming group(???)in the south of the village have less divination materials,and they don't have the sentence pattern of"Zu Xian Shi Bi Mou(?????)";The Huang group(??)has the largest number of inscriptions by Wang Bin,and the sentence types are more concise than those of the group.In Huang group,"Wang Bin+sacrifice names+Wang You(??)"and"Wang Bin+ancestors+sacrifice names+Wang You"occupy the vast majority,and their sentence patterns can still be divided into two types and three systems,but they show more obvious regularity and systematicness.Judging from the sacrificial offerings and the same version of Wang Bin's inscriptions in each group,the ancestors ' sacrifices in each group are slightly different.Wang Bin's inscriptions see the sacrifice names that run through each group,as well as the special sacrifice names of each group,reflecting the sacrifice characteristics of different periods.From the perspective of the form of divination,the materials used for Wang Bin's inscriptions include bull's blade bones,Tortoise bellied beetle and tortoise shells,and the drilling arrangement has no special features.However,in the Yellow group and He group,the form of divination can be seen,which shows the divination characteristics of Wang Bin's divination.In general,Wang Bin's inscriptions were sprouting in the Shi group and the Bin group.The inscriptions of the north of the village developed rapidly,and the He group took over and finalized it in the Huang group.There are few materials for Wang Bin's inscriptions in south of the village.As far as the collection of the inscriptions is concerned,it is slightly different from the north of the village,but it is roughly the same.After sorting out the materials,the character and meaning of"Bin"were used as the starting point to discuss the nature of Wang Bin's inscriptions.Wang Bin's"Bin"has a variety of shapes,and its original meaning should be to greet,which can be understood as a bridesmaid in the sacrificial inscriptions,or related to the ceremony of the Bin corpse(??).In addition to"Wang",the subjects of"Bin"are also seen in several other categories.Among them,"Yu(?)"should be the self-proclaimed Shang Wang,and"Ding(?)"refers to Wuding.These two types of subjects are equivalent to"Wang";"Fu(?)"Should be the spouse of the king."Fu"in the examples of"Fu Bin"refer to Fu Hao(??)and Fu Jin(??);"Zi Bin(??)"is generally used as a person's name,only one case of"Bin"is the subject of"Zi Yu(??)";Xian Wang(??),"Yi Yin(??)"and"Huang Yin(??)"as the deceased can also be the subject of"Bin";in addition,also see the god"Yue(?)"as the subject of"Bin".Taken together,the above seven types,"Bin"should be used as verbs related to sacrifice.The Xian Wang,Yi Yin,and Huang Yin are all deceased people.In this type of aphorism,"Bin"is more appropriate to be understood as"participation";Wang(Yu,Ding)and Fu are all living people,and"Bin"in the aphorism should be understood"welcome and guide",it is emphasized that the king and the Fu personally participated in the sacrifice;Yue is a god,and the meaning of"Bin"in the aphorism may also be"distribution".Bin inscriptions with non-king subjects mostly appeared in the early stages of the development of Wang Bin's inscriptions,and in the later period of Shang Dynasty,the subject of Bin inscriptions were unified as the king of time,which reflected the sacredness of the sacrifices of the Shang Dynasty and the concentration of kingship to a certain extent.Compared with other sacrificial offerings,Wang Bin's inscriptions have its own uniqueness."Bin" is just a part of Shang Wang participating in the sacrifice.Shang Wang may or may not participate;"Wang Bin" does not have an inevitable relationship with the good or bad.According to some aphorisms and verbal judgments,the Shang Wang sacrifice The activity of "Bin" is sometimes auspicious and sometimes unlucky;and the key point of Wang Bin's speech is whether the process of "Bin" is smooth,and the activity of "Bin" is less important than the specific sacrificial activities. |
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