| Mindfulness is an awareness of the present with gentleness and care,which has been taken as an important psychotherapy technique in the field of psychology.According to the large number of studies,it has shown that mindfulness can improve attention.For a long period,many researches have studied the impact of mindfulness programs on adults and adolescents with ADHD,but few of them have explored the benefits of mindfulness intervention on children with ADHD.Childhood is the development period of behavioral habits.During that time,if ADHD children did not get proper treatment,their symptoms may continue to adolescents or even the whole life.Therefore,it is urgent and necessary for ADHD children to get intervention without delay.Children with ADHD have hypersensitivity,so it is necessary to train their sensory channel to improve their attention and environmental adaptability.ADHD children's behavior problems often lead to incomprehension and criticism from the outside world,and their self-concept is lower than that of ordinary children.Therefore,this study first explore mindfulness training on the influence of hyperactive children's visual attention,auditory attention,tactual perception and taste perception.Then,the author compiled a set of training of mindfulness mutisensory channel program for 10 weeks(3 hours per week)on the basis of previous four experiments,Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy(MBCT)and sensory channel training to start an intervention study,and verify that the mindfulness sensory channel training has effect on the promotion of ADHD children's attention and self-concept.This research is divided into three studies,the literature analysis,experimental method,questionnaire method and other research methods has been used,the results of each study are as follows:(1)Study one examined the influence of mindfulness training on hyperactivity tendency children's visual attention,auditory attention.20 children was selected to participate the experiment.The Go/NoGo task was used to test the participants before and after the training.Participants were asked to complete the mindfulness experiment on visual attention,followed by the mindfulness experiment on auditory attention a week later.The results showed that:?Before the intervention of mindfulness training,hyperactive tendency children in visual were all higher than that of auditory.?In general,after mindfulness training,the accuracy of visual Go stimulation and NoGo stimulation in children with hyperactive tendency increased significantly,and that of auditory Go stimulation increased significantly.(2)Study two aims to examine the influence of mindfulness training on hyperactivity tendency children's tactual perception and taste perception.20 children of the study one continued to take part in the experiment.Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)was used to assess the participants' tactual perception and taste perception,squeezing/tasting mood,and roughness eliminates desire before and after the intervention.Participants were asked to complete the mindfulness experiment on tactile,followed by the mindfulness experiment on taste a week later.The results show that:?Tactile experiment materials and taste experiment materials can induce the corresponding tactile(rough feeling)and taste(bitter feeling)experience of the participants.At the same time,squeezing the tactile materials can bring slightly pain feeling and moderate avoidance response,while tasting the drink can bring higher pain feeling and stronger avoidance response.?After mindfulness training,hyperactivity tendency children's tactile perception and avoidance response were significantly less than pretest;taste perception and avoidance response were significantly less than pretest,and their emotional experience showed a less painful trend.?By comparing the perception of four sensory channels before and after the intervention of hyperactive tendency children,it was found that the degree of visual and auditory perception gradually increased with the growth of grade.At the same time,the difference between the four channels in the lower grades is large,while the difference between the four channels in the higher grades is smaller.The perception degree of the four channels in the middle grades is at the medium level,while the perception degree of the four channels in the upper grades is at the medium level.From the comparison of different sensory channels after intervention,the higher the individual's visual attention and auditory attention,the lower the individual's perception degree of touch and taste,that is,the less roughness and bitterness the individual feels.(3)Study three aims to investigate the influence of mindfulness multisensory channel training on ADHD children's attention and self-concept,2(the pretest×the posttest)×2(attention deficit type×hyperactivity impulsive type)within-subjects design was adopted.The self-designed mindfulness mutisensory channel training program was applied to 22 ADHD children for 10 weeks intervention(3 hours per week).The results showed:?In the training of mindfulness multisensory channels,the participation,enthusiasm and effectiveness of ADHD children in the classroom generally showed a rising trend.?Mindfulness multisensory channel training can improve the level of mindfulness in ADHD children.In general,the level of mindfulness of ADHD children after intervention was significantly higher than that of pretest.The analysis of different types of ADHD children found that the scale of description,non judgment and total mindfulness scale in the attention deficit group was significantly higher than that before the intervention,while the total mindfulness level of the hyperactivity impulse group was higher than pre-intervention,but it did not reach a significant level.?Mindfulness multisensory channel training can reduce the problem behavior of ADHD children.Overall,the total Conner score of ADHD children was significantly lower than that of pretest.An analysis of children with different types of ADHD found that the attention deficit group was significantly lower in the hyperactivity index than before the intervention,and the hyperactivity impulse group was significantly lower in dimension of behavior,learning,impulsivity hyperactivity,hyperactivity index,and total scale than before the intervention.?Mindfulness multisensory channel training can improve the self-concept of ADHD children.On the whole,the level of self-concept of ADHD children after intervention was significantly improved,and the dimensions of physical and physical attributes,intelligence and school situation,social group,happiness and satisfaction were significantly higher than the pre-test after intervention.Analysis of different types of ADHD children found that in the attention deficit group,the physical and physical attributes,social group and total scores were higher than the pretest,while the hyperactivity group was significantly higher than the pretest in anxiety dimension.?Mindfulness multisensory channel training can improve the attention of children with ADHD.Overall,the SMR of children with ADHD was significantly higher than the pretest,while the TBR decreased,but did not reach a significant level.According to the analysis of different types of ADHD children,the SMR value of attention deficit type and hyperactivity impulse type was significantly higher than that before intervention,and the tbr value was lower than that before intervention,but there was no significant difference.In general,the self-designed mindfulness sensory channel training in this study has a certain effect on reducing the problem behavior of ADHD children,and has a positive effect on improving the level of mindfulness,attention and self-concept. |
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