The Effect Of Confusion On Learning

When learners carry out complex cognitive activities,they will have cognitive emotions and have an impact on learning benefits.Confusion is a kind of cognitive emotion accompanied by cognitive conflict.It has both cognitive and emotional components,which may have a positive or negative impact on learning.Some studies have found that confusion is conducive to learning,because when learners are confused,they may think more deeply about learning materials,increase learning opportunities,and gain more knowledge benefits.There are also some studies that show that confusion can have an adverse effect on learning.Therefore,some scholars put forward the theoretical model of Zone of Optimal Confusion,and discuss the conditions that make the confusion optimize the learning efficiency.For example,some strategies are adopted to promote confusion resolution.If the confusion is effectively solved,it will have a positive impact on learning.If the confusion is not solved,the learners may feel frustrated and bored,so as to get rid of learning and have a negative impact on learning.At present,there are few studies on the specific learning strategies to alleviate the confusion and promote learning.In this study,the confused emotion is induced by the false feedback paradigm,and the influence of the confusion on learning and the specific strategies to solve the confusion are explored,which mainly includes two aspects:In study one,the confusion of learners was induced by the false feedback paradigm,and the influence of confused emotion on knowledge income was explored.The results showed that:(1)the confused degree of the group with false feedback was significantly higher than that of the group without false feedback;(2)the performance of the group with false feedback was significantly higher than that of the group without false feedback;(3)the confused emotion played an intermediary role before the feedback type and knowledge income.In the second study,from the perspective of problem-solving orientation of emotional coping,we explored the effectiveness of self-explanation strategies in solving confusion and promoting knowledge gains.The results show that:(1)the main effect of the degree of confusion solving and knowledge income of the feedback type(with false feedback vs no false feedback)and confusion solving strategy(with self-explanation vs no self-explanation)is significant and the interaction effect is significant;that is to say,the self-explanation strategy can promote the degree of confusion solving,so as to obtain more knowledge income,and the interaction effect is significant,which shows that the self-explanation strategy is in There are differences in the degree of solution and knowledge benefit under different types of feedback.(2)Further simple analysis found that under the condition of false feedback,the knowledge benefit of the group with self-explanation was significantly greater than that of the group without self-explanation.Therefore,it is concluded that self-explanation,as a confusion solving strategy,can effectively alleviate the confusion and adjust the influence of confusion on knowledge returns.