A Study Of Ecological Thoughts In Walden From The Perspective Of Harmonious Discourse Analysis

The book entitled Walden,a classic ecological literature work,has been published for more than 160 years since 1854.In today's society where the ecological crisis is getting worse,the research on the ecological thoughts of Walden is still of great significance.With the awakening of human ecological consciousness,Walden has attracted the attention of many scholars at home and abroad,and the research on it is abundant.The research on its ecological thoughts mainly focuses on ecological ethics,ecological aesthetics,ecological criticism,and the comparison of Chinese and Western ecological thoughts.This research on Walden is from a new perspective—Harmonious Discourse Analysis.Guided by the principles of Harmonious Discourse Analysis and Appraisal Theory,this thesis uses both qualitative and quantitative research methods to explore the ecological thoughts in Walden on macro and micro levels.The first part,based on the traditional Chinese ecosophy,discusses how Walden in general reflects the assumptions of people-orientedness,the principle of conscience,the principle of proximity,and the principle of regulation.The second part,under the framework of Appraisal Theory,takes chapters two and fifteen of Walden as examples and discusses how the idea of ecology is expressed at the vocabulary level.Specifically,this part analyzes the distribution of three types of appraisal resources: attitude,engagement and graduation and explores the concrete embodiment of the concept of ecology in the two chapters.The conclusions are as follows:(1)The ecological thoughts contained in Walden is consistent with the traditional Chinese ecosophy,which is based on the premise of meeting people's basic needs,and advocates that people should have conscience and regulation consciousness in their behavior activities,and there are differences in dealing with the relationship between people and other life forms.This conclusion shows the common ecological idea and ideal of human beings in general.(2)At the lexical level,Thoreau expressed to readers his love of nature and his desire to be able to live in harmony with other creatures in nature through a large number of appreciation words;the use of various attitude resources expresses criticisms of commercial trade and government unjust behavior;the use of engagement resources is mostly contracted dialogue resources,making the proposition more real and reliable.Among the three kinds of appraisal resources,the use of graduation resources is the largest,and the use of force is far more than focus.Thoreau's flexible control of the strength of language expression makes readers resonate with him and thus achieves a consensus on his position,and more accurately express his harmonious ecological thought.This specific analysis of appraisal resources in Walden helps to understand the harmonious ecological thoughts in an accurate and perceptible way.This research uses the perspective of Harmonious Discourse Analysis based on the traditional Chinese ecosophy to make a tentative exploration of the ecological thoughts in the classic ecological literature work Walden.The study provides a reference for the empirical study of Harmonious Discourse Analysis in a non-Chinese context—it broadens the scope of HDA.Furthermore,it helps to promote the confidence of Chinese culture and the integration of Chinese and Western culture.