The Dual Moral Theory Of Henri Bergson

The dual moral theory of Henri Bergson is part of his life philosophy.And he divided morality into two parts,closed morality and open morality.However,the dual nature of this morality is not opposites.In other words,the two sides are not opponent but the reflection of different directions in human evolution.Thus,Henri Bergson criticizes Kant's moral philosophy and utilitarian moral philosophy.In his opinions,they are only meet the requirement of social nature of human and the need of social order.But ignoring the most internal impulses and emotions of human beings.On the basis of the moral evolution theory of Darwin and Spenser,Henri Bergson also criticizes their simplistic understanding of morality as well.Means morality is not only the requirement of active fitting the living condition,but also the self-creation of life impulse.Heroic figure is the best proof of it.Meanwhile,Henri Bergson analyzes the relationship between closed morality and open morality.Without closed morality,people may not be able to live safely in the community,while without open morality,society will fall into stereotype and boredom.It is the breaking of the constraint of closed morality on people so that leads to the freedom and creation embodied by open morality.These two kinds of morality also correspond to two kinds of society,namely closed society and open society.If we want to build a free and open society,we need to criticize the closed and conservative society.Although the dual moral theory of Henri Bergson has the problems of biologism and intuitionism,it still has certain enlightening significance for today.