Diseased Body And Immortal Body:the Disease Writing Of Female Poets In Qing Dynasty

During the Ming and Qing dynasties,Chinese feminine literature was developed prosperously.In Qing dynasty,there are many poetries with the theme of disease in female's collection of poems.A bulk of talented female writers regard the writing about disease as a great chance to show themselves honestly,they like to reveal their daily life and the experience about their sickness,and finally,they even set up a mode of poem which is connect writers' disease with their creation of poetry.This article tries to investigate the female subjective expression in disease situation and find the difference in morbid metaphor between male and female in the development grain of the history about feminine literature in Qing dynasty.The female's writhing about disease is a euphemistic expression which break the allowable rang of society's mainstream values in Qing dynasty,and also,in the historical process of women's gradual transition from boudoir to the outside world,it shows a temporal spirit trend of evolution.This paper constitutes by four chapters.The first three chapters adopt the case study method,above three woman who named JiangZhu,ZhengLanSun,XuXiShen,to explore the character of the times and the metaphor of the word about female's writing in disease states in the period of mid-Qing dynasty,opium war,and Taiping rebellion.Chapter Four examines the observation obtained from the case studies of the first three chapters in the history of women's literature in the Qing Dynasty,summarizes the characteristics,paradigms and evolutionary paths of the theme of disease writing in female's literature in the Qing Dynasty,and explains it in terms of social changes and ideological trends.Detailed instructions are as follows:The first chapter takes JiangZhu as the object of study,aims at investigating the typical model of the female's writing which created in their disease states in the gender concept of Confucian society.In the ethics of Confucian society,there is a dilemma of objective expression among female writers,but disease can help JiangZhu to escape the responsibility of gender and enter private aesthetic space.This space is connected to the spiritual space created by religion and poetry to a certain extent,which enables female poets to explore their subject self and write individually.In the second chapter,Zheng Lansun is taken as the research object to study the disease writing of female poets during the Opium War and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom War.The Opium War and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom War broke women's boudoirs,forcing a large number of gifted women out of the boudoir and into the outside world.Zheng Lansun's illness poetry creation on the way to escape chaos and her construction of self-three-life stories in her illness experience both express her illusory perception of life and reflect the poetess' s escape attitude towards the outside world in the war-torn era.With the Yangzhou Rebellion as the boundary,Zheng Lansun's consideration of her self-body and self-perception had changed.During the war period,the poetess' s disease writing lost her leisure appreciation of disease in the quiet boudoir,and also,the poetess' s disease has showed the characteristics of socialization.Chapter three,taking Xu Xishen as the research object,analyses the disease writing of female poets in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China.In this era,female poets' experience and writing of disease gradually changed from aesthetic to scientific.Xu Xishen's writing that describe her daughter Chen Changwen's disease experience is just the expression of women's discourse power in the medical context.After Chen Changwen's death,Xu Xishen portrayed her daughter as a “HanZhen xianzi”,a fairy who could cure diseases and save the country.In the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China,this behavior expressed the wish that women want to take the initiative to step out of the boudoir and participate in social events.The fourth chapter discusses the diachronic and holistic nature of disease writing of female poets in the Qing dynasty.This paper discusses the disease writing of female poets in the core of female writing in the Qing dynasty in different period and forms a more coherent and comprehensive understanding of the writing of female poets in the Qing dynasty on the basis of the case study in the first three chapter and the abundant literature materials.The conclusion of this paper is as follows: There are double metaphors in the writing of female diseases in Qing Dynasty.First,it refers to the temporary withdrawal of women's poetry in the Qing Dynasty from the women's responsibility stipulated by Confucian family ethics through illness,and the construction of private spiritual space and the realization of individualization by writing illness.The second point is that when women poets in the Qing Dynasty were in turmoil,they used the illness of individuals as a metaphor of declining fortune in their writing,bypassing the limitation of Gender Ethics and realizing the desire of women writers to pay attention to society.