A Study On The Adverbials Of Miao Language In The Sub-Dialects Of Sichuan,Guizhou And Yunnan

Character words are a kind of words used in Miao language to modify verbs or adjectives to express the nature of morphology,character,color,smell,speed,sound and so on.Character words are common in eight sub-dialects of the central Miao dialect,the eastern dialect and the western dialect.This paper,combining the data of 161 words in the western Miao dialect of Sichuan,Guizhou and Yunnan,further reveals the grammatical features of these words in terms of pronunciation and word formation.Firstly,the phonetic characteristics of Miao dialect words in Sichuan,Guizhou and Yunnan sub-dialects are analyzed,and then the grammatical structure rules of Miao dialect words are analyzed.First,in the syllables of the main words,the consonants that can be matched with the inherent vowels and tones of Miao language are mainly double lip sounds,lip teeth sounds,tongue surface sounds,tongue tip sounds,tongue root sounds,small tongue sounds and glottis consonants.Among the syllables of auxiliary words,there are few vowels that can be matched with the consonant of auxiliary words,mainly i/u/eu/ao/en these five;in tone collocation,there are few syllable words with middle down 31 and low up 13.In terms of phoneme composition,the syllables of Miao dialect in Sichuan,Guizhou and Yunnan have consonant consonants,and the zero consonant can not form the syllable.Second,Miao dialect of Sichuan,Guizhou and Yunnan sub-dialect is divided into main and auxiliary words.The main words can directly modify verbs,adjectives,nouns or quantifiers,while the auxiliary words can only be matched with the main words to modify the modified verbs or adjectives,and can not be used alone.In the combination of Miao morphemes in Sichuan,Guizhou and Yunnan sub-dialects,a morpheme composed of a free morpheme can be modified directly;a morpheme composed of two free morphemes is formed before a free morpheme with small word-formation function,and then a modified word is modified.Miao dialect words of Sichuan,Guizhou and Yunnan sub-dialects can be combined with the decorated words into nominal structure,dynamic structure,shape structure and quantitative structure,and then combined with more words to form sentences on the basis of these four structures.There are only common nouns,transitive verbs,intransitive verbs,can-wish verbs,predicate adjectives,momentum words and group quantifiers.The Miao dialect of Sichuan,Guizhou and Yunnan is neither notional words nor function words.It is another kind of words which exists in parallel with function words and notional words,such words are collectively called adverbials in the Miao linguistics.Third,In the combination structure of Miao dialect and notional words in Sichuan,Guizhou and Yunnan sub-dialects,the core words are notional words,which only play the role of modification.There is no clear conceptual meaning in the form,only when collocated with the notional words,it has grammatical meaning and abstract lexical meaning.