The Research Of The Medical Buddha Statues Of The Dazu Rock Carving During The Tang And Song Dynasty

The Medical Buddha statue in Sichuan and Chongqing area is another principle distributed area about The Medical Buddha statue after that of Changan,Luoyang and Dunhuang.The statue relics of it mainly in Guangyuan,Bazhong,Anyue and Dazu area.However,it has 21 statues of The Medical Buddha in Dazu Rock Carving,including 17 niches in Beishan Buddha cove,2 niches in Ear Rock of Buddha,1 niche in Stone Gate Mountain and Duobao Tower respectively.Comparing with other areas,Dazu Rock Carving is a later period relic of The Medical Buddha,which has a large number of rich and concentrated statues relics of The Medical Buddha in the area of Sichuan and Chongqing.Furthermore,large quality of the Buddha statues of Dazu Rock Carving arose over the period when the popularity of carved statues toward to decline and stasis of the relevant statues about The Medical Buddha in the north area of China.Which has a vital significance for research about The Medical Buddha,in terms of allocation of combination,change of the pattern and the distribution of belief,this provides rich and detailed real object example and clues for the research as well.In this dissertation,I regard The Medicine Buddha of Dazu Rock Carving as the research target,which principally researches the problems from period features,allocation combination,origins of text and images.In the first place,the niches and the statue features of Medicine Buddha from the late stage of Tang to the Song Dynasty in Dazu Rock Carving are analyzed and concluded via the primary resource of filed study by using typology method.Based on its performed main characteristics,the statues of Medicine Buddha in Dazu Rock Carving could be divided into three periods: the statures from the late stage of the Tang Dynasty to the early stage of the period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms(early stage of the Shu Dynasty),the late stage of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms(late stage of the Shu Dynasty)and the Song Dynasty.Thestatues in these three periods present a transition in terms of niche modality and allocation combination from simple to complex overall,a transition from the niche statue of Medicine Buddha to the sutra mural of The Medicine Buddha as well.Subsequently,I will analyse the text of Medicine Buddha of Dazu Rock Carving through the relevant classic and literature material of The Sutra of Medicine Buddha.The intention is to the relevant text of Medicine Buddha and the relation between ritual and images.I consider that there is a relevance between the content of Medicine Buddha statues of Dazu Rock Carving,Sutra of the Merit and Virtue of the Past Vows of Medicine Master Vaidurya Light Tathagata translated by Tangyijin and The Recitation Ritual of Medicine Tathagata Buddha translated by Bukong.In addition,its relation with cultural tradition of the common people could be displayed in its regional presentation.moreover,it has added the caring in the next life and the thinking of the extradition of death from the pray for rescue extradition of hell and the pure land in the next life,based on the belief of the present rescue about the belief of Medicine Buddha.From this,the belief of Medicine Buddha and the statues system are more mature and completed in the Tang and Song Dynasty.In the ultimate chapter,based on the basis of the iconology research,I detect there is a tight relevance between the rules of allocation combination,images of Medicine Buddha statues and the distribution of the ancient transport road and the Medicine Buddha belief.The statues pattern from Dazu Rock Carving and the area of Chongqing and Sichuan Province has a close relation the traditional effect of statues from Changan and Luoyang,affected by the statue pattern of Dunhuang Grotto as well.When the statues culture of Chongqing and Sichuan Province influenced by that of Dunhuang,Changan and Luoyang areas,it absorbs and accept the strength from these regions,spread its regional statue pattern to them as well.