A Study On Some Historical Changes Of Horqin Shamanism

Horqin is the general name of the tribe,which is mainly named after habudu hasar,the younger brother of Genghis khan and his descendants.In 1206,established the Mongolia empire,Genghis khan will be distributing the territory and belong to the people in the form of part to the other schools,the brother and the weight,will now erguna,hailaer river basin,the hulun buir grassland and the big xingan mountain area of vast land to his younger brother,Hasar,so these in history to become one of the Kings of host.Genghis Khan appointed Qasar as the commander of the expanded Horqin Guard,who was responsible for guarding the Khan camp.Therefore,Horqin,the title of a military organization,has gradually evolved into the honorific title of various tribes of Qasar’s descendants,which is well-known among many Mongolian tribes.However,in this paper,based on literature and oral materials,the author studies the historical changes of Shamanism of six parts in ten parts of Nenjiang River and Horqin,namely,the central part of Horqin’s left wing,the rear part of Horqin’s left wing and the central part of Horqin’s right wing,etc.Horqin region is a special place where Mongolian Shamanism survives.At the end of the 16 th century,30,000 Mongolian right-wing aristocrats headed by Altan Khan exchanged views with Tibetan Buddhism(Yellow Sect of Tibetan Lamaism,founded by Zongkaba or Tsongkhapa in the 15 th century)on their way to expand their territory in Qinghai.Since then,Buddhism has begun to be spread in Mongolia,and traditional Mongolian religion Shamanism was banned,resulting in the almost disappearance of Shamanism in western Inner Mongolia and Mongolia Khalkha.However,the spread of Buddhism in Horqin region in eastern Inner Mongolia was relatively late,and the adoption of coercive measures by Abida to spread Buddhism met with stubborn resistance from Horqin Shaman,so Horqin Shamanism survived by the end of the Qing Dynasty.After the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the land reform and the “Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution” weakened the living conditions of Horqin Shamanism.However,after the reform and opening up at the end of the 20 th century,therecovery of Horqin Shaman’s behavior is worthy of attention.Therefore,based on previous studies,documents and oral materials,the author discusses the survival and recovery of Horqin Shamanism in this paper.In the first part in the paper,the author expounds the historical situation of Mongolian Shamanism and the cultural deposits of Shamanism of Nenjia ng River and Horqin since they were formed.In the second part,the author tells the story of Abida in Torghut,who was sent by the fourth Panchen Erdeni to spread Buddhism in the tenth part of Nenjiang River and Horqin in the 1730’ s,even though he suppressed Horqin Shamanism with the help of Horqin nobles,he failed to eliminate Shamanism completely.Therefore,according to the literature and oral data,it can be seen that in the late Qing Dynasty,Shamanism still survived and spread in Horqin area.The third part is about signs of the revival of Horqin Shamanism at the end of the 20 th century.After the founding of the People’s Republic of China,major cultural revolutions such as the land reform and the “Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution” have basically stopped Horqin Shaman’s behavior.However,after the reform and opening up,the signs of recovery of Horqin Shaman’s behavior are worthy of attention.This part expounds the behavior of Horqin Shamans after recovery and the reasons for the recovery of Horqin Shamanism.Therefore,the second part and the third part are the most important parts of this paper.This paper is composed of citation,text,conclusion,reference,appendix and conclusion.The introduction introduces the significance of the topic selection,research status,research methods and innovative points.The text is dividedinto three parts.The first part discusses the historical evolution of horqin shamanism.Part II: Abida failed to completely destroy Horqin Shamanism in the 1730 s when he came to Horqin to spread the Yellow Sect of Tibetan Lamaism,founded by Zongkaba or Tsongkhapa in the 15 th century and take coercive measures.The survival of Horqin Shamanism.The third part of the late 20 th century after the implementation of the reform and opening policy of the state of recovery of horqin shamanism and these issues as the main research.