Comparative Research On Inner Mongolian Buryats And Mongolian Darkhad's Shamanism Music

Shamanism widely exists in the world,such as North Asia,East Asia,Africa and South America.Scholars generally believe that Shamanism originated from the totem worship of matriarchal clan society.The Shamanism belief of Mongolians is mainly based on the worship of Tengger(heaven).Tengger can be divided into 55 auspicious(white)Tengger in the West and 44 fierce(black)Tengger in the East.Mengke Tengger(longevity heaven)is one of the ninety-nine heaven and the highest Tengger.There are also the ancestors and gods of the clans and tribes,as well as a variety of animals(wolves,deer,snakes,eagles and bears),mountains,rivers and lakes.In most Mongolian clans,shamans have existed since ancient times,and there are many believers.Since ancient times,the brand of Shaman belief has been deeply engraved in all aspects of Mongolian life,and also affects Mongolian culture,customs and art.It retains the nomadic world outlook,values and outlook on life,and even some deep-rooted ideas such as "respect heaven and earth","everything has spirit" have been transformed into Mongolian subconscious.Shaman music is an important part of Shaman ceremony.It plays the role of communicating gods in the ceremony.In some aspects of the ceremony,such as sacrifice,asking for gods,praising gods and sending gods,it has music participation.Shaman music includes songs,poems(lyrics),melody,musical instruments(instruments),etc.At the same time,a large part of Shaman music is integrated with national traditional music,which is the true portrayal of national intangible cultural heritage.The Buryat people in Inner Mongolia are far away from the Darkhad people in Mongolia.The former is on the banks of the Xini river at the south foot of the Daxinganling Mountains,and the latter is in khovosgol Province in the northwest of Mongolia.Their Shamanism also experiencedvicissitudes in the long history.After 1990 s,their Shamanism rose again in society and culture,and continued and developed.The Shamanism belief of modern Buryat and Darkhad people is relatively complete in keeping the tradition,and there are relatively few customs lost due to historical changes,and their Shamanism ritual music is also relatively complete in inheritance,which is of great research value.In recent years,there are more and more scholars studying Shamanism in the world,and the research on Shamanism is also on the way of specialization.Many music scholars at home and abroad have a great interest in Shamanism,and deeply study it in the soil of Shamanism culture.For example,there are not a few shaman music researches on Horchin,Barag,Khalakh,Tungus,etc.the author carried out this research on the basis of this shaman music research upsurge.The first chapter of this paper summarizes the geographical,historical and cultural situation of Buryat and Darkhad in Inner Mongolia,and the history and current situation of Shaman and Shaman in Mongolian and two tribes.In the second chapter,the author analyzes the shaman ritual music of Buryat people in Inner Mongolia and Darkhad people in Mongolia,describes the environment and process of the ritual,records the songs and music in the ritual,analyzes and makes a comparative study.The author tries to find the differences and common points between the two tribes,and makes a summary and comparison of the commonness and individuality,and excavates the symbolic and heritage significance behind the shaman ritual music of the two tribes.The third chapter as a summary of this study,to explore the conclusions and significance of this study.