The Local Control And Politics Of The Former Qin

During the Sixteen Kingdoms Period,the Former Qin Dynasty was the first to unify the north and had a historical position that could not be ignored in the Sixteen Kingdoms Period.From the founding of Fu Jian in 351 to the fall of Fu Deng in 394,the Former Qin period lasted 43 years.In these years,the ruling policy of the Former Qin influenced the rise and fall of the country.And the local governance of the Former Qin is the focus of this paper.Focusing on the local governance and politics of the Former Qin,this paper mainly discusses three parts.In the first part,the author discusses several different ruling groups in the development of the early Former Qin and the influence on Former Qin regime when the ruling groups changed.The Fangtou group is the initial strength in the founding of the Former Qin.In the transmutation of the imperial power in the early Former Qin,the contradiction between the Fangtou group and the imperial power gradually intensified.The Fangtou group weakened gradually in the process of the rulers strengthening the imperial power.In the process of the central power transmutation,the Former Qin Dynasty’s rule over the local areas was not only influenced by it,but also had new development.Generally speaking,the rulers of several generations had adopted the strategy based on Guanzhong region and expanded outwards.In particular,the development of the Guanlong region in Fu Jian period laid the foundation for later expansion and prosperity.The second part focuses on the administrative regions under the prefecture and country system and special administrative regions,investigating the local construction which developed with the expansion of territory in Fu Jian period.In the part of the administrative regions,the prefectural governor is the basic research object.Special administrative regions are regime of local Hujun and Lingminqiuzhang,The prefectural governor of the Former Qin inherited the executive and military functions from previous dynasty.After the defeat of Feishui War,especially the death of Fu Jian,the prefectural governors occupy their territories as separatist forces like the local powerful landlords and other minority regimes.The state and county system and prefectural governor system in the Former Qin dynasty were not mature,and the governance of special administrative regions also had drawbacks,which reflected the imperfect local construction.The third part takes Guandong and Guanlong as the center topic,analyzes the change of local control in the Former Qin before and after the Feishui War.The situation in Guandong and Guanlong is different.Guandong region was the new territory occupied by by the Former Yan.Fu Jian treated Murong and the Guandong area with great caution.Guanlong area was the ruling center of the Former Qin Dynasty.Relying on the Former Qin’s deep rooted rule in Guanlong region,Fu Jian relocated many conquered forces to Guanlong region.But Fu Jian did not handle the relationship between the group leaders and the people,which laid the potential for unrest in Guanlong region.Based on the establishment and extinction of the Former Qin dynasty,this paper focuses on the internal ruling structure,institutional construction and local governance of the Former Qin,discussing the reasons for the rise and fall of the Former Qin dynasty in its internal development.