Cross Cultural Adaptation Among Second Generation Afghan Refugees Returning From Pakistan To Kabul Afghanistan

The purpose of research was to investigate certain aspects of the cross cultural adaptation process of Afghan returnees,who have repatriated from Pakistan to Kabul Afghanistan and the main focus was to investigate cross cultural adaptation in the current context of Afghanistan that returnees from Pakistan are facing –in their country of origin in first few years.In addition to these the current study is explaining the role of media in the increase and decrease of youth migration.Afghan immigration to Pakistan has a long history,using young Yun Kim's cross cultural adaptation theory as the leading theoretical frame work the researcher undertakes the cultural adaptation of those who have lived at least 18 years in Pakistan and also have returned to Kabul Afghanistan.Semi-structured interviews are conducted for collection of primary data from participants for the thesis.Twelve young returnees from Kabul city aged 18 to 35 volunteered to take part in the interviews.Results announced that language barriers,cultural knowledge,and environmental challenges were some of the overcoming difficulties that returnees experienced after their repatriation.Furthermore,the findings showed that the three main strategies used by the young returnees to adapt to their unfamiliar,new environment of Kabul City included social interaction,using mass media,and keeping an open mind on current issues.