The Preliminary Research Of The Porcelain Unearthed From The Huinan Huifacheng Site

The Huinan Huifa city is the King City of Huifa tribe,one of the four Hulun tribes.Since the fifties and sixties of the 20 th century,Jilin Provincial Commission of cultural relics has carried out many investigations and two active archaeological excavations on the site,and obtained a batch of porcelain from the Jin and Ming Dynasties,especially the blue and white porcelain of the Ming Dynasty.In this paper,Huifa city in the past years to investigate and excavate the unearthed porcelain as the research object,through the archeological typology,and with the help of literature and historical materials,this group of porcelain type,age and kiln mouth and other related issues to make a comprehensive exposition.This paper consists of five chapters:The first chapter is the introduction.Firstly,it introduces the geographical location,natural environment and other information of Huifa City,as well as the archaeological investigation and discovery of Huifa city over the years,and combs the previous scholars' academic research on Huifa city.Secondly,the unearthed situation and research situation of porcelain in zonghuifa City,as well as the research situation of Ming Dynasty porcelain in Northeast China are summarized.At last,the paper explains the reason of choosing the topic,and expounds the research methods and the key and difficult points in the research process.The second chapter is about the typological study of the unearthed porcelain.According to the different glaze colors,the unearthed porcelain in Huinan Huifa city can be divided into several categories,including more than ten varieties,including white porcelain,white glaze brown color,celadon,blue and white porcelain,enamel,doucai,etc.,with bowl,plate,cup,disc,etc.On the basis of different types of porcelain,according to the different types of wares in the mouth,abdomen,bottom and so on,we can distinguish them,so as to directly show the overall appearance of porcelain unearthed in Huifa city.The third chapter is about the determination of the age of the unearthed porcelain.On the basis of the second chapter,this chapter makes a horizontal comparison between different types of porcelain and the artifacts from other regions in the same period,and makes an archaeological dating study on the age of the porcelain.The porcelain unearthed in Huifa city can be divided into three periods: Jin Dynasty,mid Ming Dynasty and late Ming Dynasty.The number of porcelain in the Jin Dynasty is relatively small,mainly including white porcelain,white glazed Brown porcelain and Jun glazed porcelain.The porcelain unearthed in the middle of Ming Dynasty mainly includes blue and white porcelain and celadon porcelain.In the late Ming Dynasty,there were the largest number and the richest kinds of porcelain unearthed,with blue and white porcelain as the main category,as well as five-color porcelain,Dou color porcelain,enamel porcelain,turquoise blue glaze porcelain,plain three color porcelain,black glaze porcelain,etc.The fourth chapter is about the determination of the kiln mouth.Through the comparison with the appearance of porcelain produced in different kilns,starting from the aspects of the body,glaze color,shape,decoration,entertainment and so on,the determination of the kiln mouth of porcelain unearthed in Huifa city in various periods is carried out.The research shows that the porcelain unearthed in Huifa city basically covers the products of the main kilns in the north and south of Jinming period.The mouth of the white porcelain for making up in the Jin Dynasty probably came from the neighboring kilns such as northeast China and Inner Mongolia,while the fine white porcelain without making up soil came from the Ding kiln system.The white glaze brown color porcelain comes from the Cizhou kiln system in the north,and the Jun kiln porcelain comes from the Jun kiln system.The specific kiln mouth is unknown.There are many kinds of porcelain in Ming Dynasty.Blue and white porcelain,multicolored porcelain,doucai porcelain,enamel ware and plain tricolor porcelain are all produced by Jingdezhen kiln.Celadon porcelain is mainly produced by Longquan kiln in Zhejiang Province,and Cuilan porcelain is presumably produced by Yuzhou kiln in Henan Province.The fifth chapter is based on the above research,combined with historical materials,connecting the porcelain unearthed in Huifa city with the social,political,economic and ethnic policies at that time,and extending the research on these porcelain related issues.There are many kinds of porcelain unearthed in Huifa city.Trade is one of the important ways to obtain porcelain.It has a close relationship with the appearance and development of Ma City in Liaodong.The different quantity and types of porcelain in different periods in Huifa City indirectly reflect the development of Ma City in Liaodong.The Ming Dynasty porcelain unearthed in the city site not only includes blue and white porcelain,blue and white glaze porcelain,black glaze porcelain,paste glaze porcelain and other ordinary quality daily necessities porcelain,but also a few exquisite porcelain such as multicolored porcelain,doucai porcelain and plain tricolor.The former should be used by ordinary people,while the latter should be used by the upper ruling class in Huifa city.The porcelain unearthed in Huifa city covers the major categories of Ming Dynasty porcelain unearthed in Northeast China,which is helpful to study the distribution and circulation of Ming Dynasty porcelain in Northeast China.Most of the Ming Dynasty porcelain sites unearthed in the northeast of China are located in Jilin and Liaoning provinces,among which Liaoning Province is mainly located near the guard posts of "Liaodong command department",which is related to the administrative system of the Ming Dynasty in the northeast.Fuyu area is the most concentrated area in Jilin Province,which is the result of the joint action of geographical location,transportation,tribute policy and the gathering of ethnic minorities.The purpose of this paper is to reveal the whole picture of the porcelain unearthed in Huifa City,enrich the specimen bank and comparison materials of the porcelain unearthed in Northeast China,start with porcelain,combine with historical materials,see people through things,and reflect the social and economic life of the people in Huifa city.