Nihilism And Its Criticisms In The View Of Marxian Philosophy

Nihilism is a concentrated expression and representation of the crisis of modernity.How to treat and deal with nihilism is an important research that cannot be neglected in modern philosophy research.Many contemporary thinkers have responded positively to this question and have actively sought ways to overcome nihilism from different perspectives.Nietzsche,from the perspective of Axiology,thought that nihilism was the failure of the highest value.The overcoming nihilism must revalue all the old values,and establish new values to make up for the absence of the highest value.Heidegger,from the perspective of existentialism,thought that nihilism was the absence of existence and the deficiency of human existence foundation.Overcoming nihilism needs to find the existence.Nietzsche and Heidegger fell into the mortar of nihilism again in the road trying to overcome nihilism.Marx revealed the nihilistic essence of capitalist society on the base of "Realistic Individual".In Marx’s view,the abstract rule of capital logic has caused the alienation of human beings and the emergence of fetishism,which was the real source of nihilism.Metaphysics and other ideologies supported the abstract rule of capital logic,and thus is the theoretical roots of nihilism.Marx,found that the communism would be the realistic way of transcending nihilism when he carried on critique of philosophy and political economics.Basing on the vision of Marxian philosophy,this dissertation carries out a thorough and meticulous analysis of nihilism and aims at seeking the theoretical logic and practical logic of Marxian philosophy on overcoming the nihilism.The concrete contents will focus on the following four aspects:The first chapter will relate and analyze the nihilism which comes as a problem.This part mainly discuss the historical origins of nihilism and the definition of nihilism and the limitations of nihilism in different perspectives.The second chapter will relate and analyze the view of nihilism in the vision of marxian philosophy.This part mainly discusses criticism of Marx’s criticism to Stirner and the performance of fetishisms and its problems,and ultimately shows that nihilism is the spiritual alienation of human beings in reality.The third chapter will relate and analyze the realistic and theoretical origins of nihilism.This part analyzes the realistic origin of nihilism and theoretical origin and demonstrates the methodology of historical materialism to overcome nihilism.The fourth chapter will relate and analyze the fundamental path of Marxian philosophy to overcome nihilism and it’s ultimate goal.This part focuses on the bureaucracy and the end of nihilism,and demonstrates the dual purport of Marx’s abandonment of capital logic and the real liberation of the human beings.