Research On The Methods Of Protecting Civilians In Peacekeeping Operations

When the United Nation was established in 1945,international organizations have been gradually playing an essential part in the world.Although the whole world is developing peacefully,the conflicts between two countries are growing as well.United Nation is using Peacekeeping Operations to settle the conflicts in order to keep the world safe and peaceful.However,the legal bases of the peacekeeping operations are not clearly defined in the United Nation Charter.But most countries have reach a consensus that the keeping operations are deployed under the Chapter VI and VII.And we have to notice that peacekeeping operations need to be authorized by United Nation Security Counsel and need adhere the peacekeeping doctrine.This article is willing to explain the doctrine in the new environment because the whole world is changing.This international social is quite different from the world before the Cold War.The contents of missions are quite different too.The missions about the protection of the civilians need to be draw more attractions.International humanitarian law(IHL)has traditionally been the principal legal basis for the protection of civilians during armed conflict.In the early years of the codification of IHL,the drafter focused on the protection of the wounded,sick,shipwrecked and captured members of the armed forces.The protection of civilians in international armed conflict was provided in the 1949 Geneva Conventions,not only with regard to international armed conflict but also in respect of non-international armed conflict,which was further strengthened by the 1977 Additional Protocols and other subsequent IHL treaties.Nowadays,most of the rules on the protection of civilians during armed conflicts are considers as customary international law,hence applicable to all states and other entities involved in armed conflicts.The paper analyzed this topic in four chapters.The first chapter as an overview explains some essential concepts,including the history of the UN peacekeeping operations,the goals of the first missions and the changes during the new era.And we also analyzed the meaning of the peacekeeping doctrine.We consider the meaning need to be expanded during the new environment.Secondly,we introduced the history of the use of force during the peacekeeping operations and the legal bases of the peacekeeping operations.The second chapter analyzed the problems of the protection of civilians.A large number of civilians were injured during armed conflicts and it allows people to consider the means of protecting civilians.In the United Nations peacekeeping operations,the Security Council mentioned the conception of the protection of civilians and granted parts of the tasks to take all necessary means to protect civilians,but in practice there are still some gaps in the battlefield.United Nations peacekeepers are likely to lose his protected status only when they are directly involved in hostilities.We discuss the possibility of losing this status and discuss the theory of responsibility of protection in recent years.The third chapter discusses application of international humanitarian law.Peacekeepers will sometimes face some humanitarian problems.Furthermore,Peacekeeping operation should provide more protection and support for humanitarian workers.Humanitarian workers often face dangers and difficulties.It is necessary for peacekeeping force to provide protection and support during humanitarian activities.But the means of protection of humanitarian activities need to be regulated,especially when facing the situations that humanitarian activities need to be protected by force.The United Nations are also trying to develop a more powerful peacekeeping operations,but the action is always faces several obstacles,both in internal and external aspects.The fourth chapter discusses how to protect civilians.The key question is how to provide more effective methods.Sometimes we can take more active measures avoiding becoming a party in an armed conflict.And we also need to strength the government.We not only need to adjust the strategy but also need to cooperate with government and NGOs.We need work together to complete the mission and to help build a more powerful country.While in the United Nations peacekeeping operations,how to apply legal norms,especially the application of international humanitarian law is not the biggest challenge.It has been said that currently the biggest challenge for international humanitarian law is not lack of rules,but lack of respect for such existing rules.Civilians are constantly harmed by the war.We need to consider how to protect civilians more effectively.The ultimate purpose of this paper is to call for our citizens to deepen the understanding of international humanitarian law and the spirit of the rules of international humanitarian law.