On The Institution Of "Yuanwailang" In Sui And Tang Dynasties

The first part of this paper mainly discusses the fact that Suiwendi set up Shangshusheng Yuanwailang,and during the Suiyangdi era,Its name was changed to Chengwulang.This is a sign that the Yuanwailang has changed from informal to formal.Its title was restored in the Tang Dynasty,but it is still a formal official position.In the times Shangshusheng Yuanwailang produced,there are Yuanwaisanqishilang and Yezhetai Yuanwailang in Sui Dynasty,all three have similar names.Although they have the same name,their grades,departments,and methods of production are different.it’s just that they all have informal meaning.By studying their differences,can help us understand Shangshusheng Yuanwailang,It was initially an informal Shilang.The second part,discussing mainly their work in the Tang Dynasty,and there are also differences between twenty-four departments in terms of rank.With the development of bureaucracy in the Tang Dynasty,In addition to Yuanwailang’s original work,they also has part-time jobs,Mainly include prestigious positions such as Hanlinxueshi and Zhizhigao.Study their part-time job,this will help us understand their real work,can also help us understand the requirements for doing Yuanwailang.The third part,mainly discusses how they become officials,there are examinations and nobility and enlistment methods.Yuanwailang who passed the examination,they mainly study Jinshike.By analyzing the contents of the Jinshike,we know that they attach the greatest importance to the ability of Yuanwailang.After part,study their criteria for becoming qualified Yuanwailang,Yuanwailang must have morality and talent and literacy,etc.Fourth part,this section mainly studies their former officials and later officials.And you can understand the official position of Yuanwailang in the Tang Dynasty.About the official position of Yuanwailang,Including officials from Yushitai and Jianguan and historical official,these are officials who are closely related to the emperor.Their post after promotion of Yuwanwailang,Closing to them is Langzhong and Zhongshusheren.Many Yuanwailang write edict,It is the function of Zhongshusheren,so Yuanwailang can become Zhongshusheren is a common phenomenon.By discussing relevant official positions in this chapter,we can understand that it is associated with prestigious positions,and it is closely related to the emperor.In the future,they can also be promoted to more important departments,and even the prime minister.