| ObjectiveThis study compares the differences in the cognitive and operational capabilities of motor transport corps at different altitude,and deeply analyzes characteristics on various types of soldier,focusing on the influencing factors of complex cognitions in high altitude.The purpose is to provide evidence for objectively evaluating the cognitive function of the motor transport corps at high altitude.It also establishes the theoretical basis for the development of psychological support measures and the improvement of the combat effectiveness of the plateau.Furthermore,to analyze the mechanism and intervention measures of the damage of long-term plateau hypoxia environment on individual brain function.MethodsThe study was conducted by a large sample survey.578 motor transport corps were investigated using the fundamental psychological instruments and the international standard Wechsler Adult Test scale(chinese version).196 motor soldiers at high altitude(2890m)and 190 motor soldiers at moderate altitude(2260m)were selected as the research objects.Meanwhile,192 motor soldiers at low altitude(below 300m)extracted as control group.Collect the personal information of soldiers,especially the time of enlistment,education,the types ofsoldier,the duration time at plateau,the duration time and frequency of driving at high altitude and so on.Attention concentration instrument(EP701C)and attention distribution instrument(EP708A)produced by Scientific & Teaching Instruments Factory of ECNUwere used to evaluate the simple cognitive functions: perception,choice reaction time,quick judgment,attention,etc.The WAMS(chinese version)?WAIS(chinese version)were used to evaluate the complex cognitive functions : memory and comprehension,and the finger flexibility Tester(EP109)and the Austrian schuhfried company's Vienna Psychological Test system(VTS)were used to measure the flexibility of individual fingers,the arm movement stability and other operational capabilities.Statistical software of SPSS21.0 is used for statistical analysis.The data was carried out by using the method of chi square test,variance analysis,one-way ANOVA,two-way ANOVA,LSD-t,nonparametric test,correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression.Results Result1: Comparison of the cognitive function and performance ablitity of motor transport corps at different altitude 1.In the measurement of three kinds of sound responses,the correct of sound response in high altitude group was lower than moderate altitude group(p<0.01)and control group(p<0.01),the choice reaction time was longer than moderate altitude group(p<0.01)and control group(p<0.01).2.In the measurement of attention distribution,the accuracy of sound attention in high altitude group and moderate altitude group are lower than control group(p<0.01).In high altitude group and moderate altitude group attention to the sound time?light time are longer than control group,and the high altitude group attention to the sound time?light time are also longer than moderate altitude group,the difference has the statistical significance(p<0.05,p<0.01).3.In the measurement of attention concentration,high altitude group and moderate altitude group in orbit time are higher than control group(p<0.01),misses in three groups have no significant difference.4.In the measurement of image memory,high altitude group and moderate altitude grouppicture scale score are lower than control group(p<0.01).Moreover,the high altitude grouppicture scale score are also lower than moderate altitude group(p<0.05).5.In the measurement of understanding,high altitude group and moderate altitude group comprehensionscale score are lower than the control group(p<0.01,p<0.01).Moreover,the high altitude group comprehension scale score is also lower than the moderate altitude group(p<0.01).6.In the flexibility of the fingers,high altitude group and moderate altitude group have more droppings than the control group(p<0.01).The target errors of both the high altitude group and the moderate altitude group were less than those in the control group,and the middle altitude group was shorter than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.01).In both hands,the number of right hand percussion in high altitude group was more than that in the control group(p<0.05).Result 2: The characteristics of the influence of the cognitive functionand performance capacity on various types of soldier 1.In the measurement of three kinds of sound responses,compared with the control group,the automobile soldier in high altitude and moderate altitude had lower frequency of sound response and longer response time,this significant difference was mainly concentrated in the conscript and first-stage sergeant(p<0.05,p<0.01).2.In the measurement of attention distribution,compared with the control group,the automobile soldier in high altitude and moderate altitude had lower accuracy of sound attention and longer attentional sound and light response,this significant difference was mainly concentrated in the first-stage?multi-stage sergeant(p<0.05,p<0.01).3.In the measurement of attention concentration,compared with the control group,the high altitude group have higher orbital time,this significant difference was mainly concentrated in the multi-stage sergeant(p<0.01).4.Measured memory of different types soldier,high altitude group and moderate altitude group's picture recollection ability are significantly lower than the control group.This significant difference exists in the conscripts,first and multi-stage sergeants(p<0.05,p<0.01).5.Comprehension measurement of different types soldier,it showed that comprehension ability of conscripts in high altitude group was higher than control group(p<0.05).However,in the first-stage?multi-stage sergeant of the high altitude was lower than that in the moderate altitude and control group(p<0.05,p<0.01).It is illustrated that the negative impact of the high altitude environment on the comprehension ability started from the first-stage sergeant and continued until multi-stage sergeant.6.To further compare the soldiers difference of the operational ability of vehicle soldiers,the differences in finger flexibility among the conscripts,first-stage sergeant and multi-stage sergeant(p<0.05,p<0.01).Differences in the aiming of both hands are mainly concentrated on the first-stage?multi-stage(p<0.01).There was no significant difference between the tapping.Result 3: Analyze influence factor of motor transport corps' complex cognitive functions at high altitude 1.Correlation analysis showed,the high altitude soldier's picture recollection ability positively correlated with degree of annoyance,the work pressure,the sleep condition(p<0.05),with the body fatigue,the normal mood stability,the depression self-assessment quantity is negative correlation(p<0.05).The ability to comprehension was positively correlated with the level of education,the degree of annoyance,the work pressure,the degree of fatigue,the degree of weariness and the burden of family(p<0.05,p<0.01),and the age,the time of enlistment,the time of Plateau service,the time of being stationed on the plateau,frequency of driving at high altitude were negatively correlated(p<0.01).2.Regression analysis showed,the degree of body fatigue is the main influence factor of memory of the motor transport corps' at high altitude,stationed at the high altitude time and the type of soldier are the main influencing factors of comprehension.Conclusions 1.The plateau environment has an adverse effect on some cognitive functions and performance abilities of motor vehicles.However,specific vocational training can promote individual cognitive ability.2.The impact of the high altitude environment on cognitive function and performance ability basically follow the principle of high dependence,the higher altitude,the more damage.3.The plateau environment has a higher degree of influence on complex cognitive function than simple cognitive function.The effect on fine movements is greater than that of general movements.4.The influence of high altitude environment on the simple cognitive function of automobile soldiers are mainly focused on the conscripts and first sergeant,but the influence of understanding is increased with the the time of Plateau service.5.In high altitude automobile soldiers' memory,understanding correlated with many factors,the degree of body fatigue is main influence factor in memory,the time of plateau and altitude service are main influence factor in understanding. |
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