Marx's Thought On Machine

Based on the historical form of large machine production and the background of handicraft this paper discusses Marx's machine thought.During the handicraft period the scientific and technical factors of large machine production were bred.The essence of machines is the material means of production of human beings and the productive force,which is developed on hand tools.It consists of three different parts the engine,the transmission mechanism and the tool machine or the working machine.With the development of production the machine system is formed,which marks the arrival of the era of large machine production.The capitalism's application of machine has brought important influence to the development of people,science and technology.It has changed the structure of personnel in production and in the early stages of capitalist development it has also brought untold hardships to workers.On the other hand,the capitalism's application of machine expanded the proletarian team and provided the advanced member safeguard for the Proletarian Scientific Socialism revolutionary movement.The development of machine production and machine manufacturing has provided precise experimental instruments for scientific experiments,which greatly improved the quality and level of scientific experiments.Science and technology are more closely linked in the production process,and to form a new form of productivity.In modern society the intelligence of production is improving but it still does not change the principle that the human labor force is the social productive force which decides the function in the social development.The development of productive forces has greatly promoted the change of social relations.Science and technology have both positive and negative effects in the process of development.On the one hand,it promotes the development of productive forces,on the other hand,it has brought many thorny problems to society such as environmental pollution,energy consumption,disparity,and so on.These problems need the further development of science and technology to solve.And also,we should recognize the role of social system and class relations to solve these problems.To find the fundamental way to solve the problem we should treat science and technology based on the distinction of the production use and the capitalism use of them.There are western scholars who regard Karl Marx as the technology theorists,which is wrong in theory and harmful in practice.Karl Marx affirmed the important role of science and technology,at the same time he also affirmed the positive impetus to the development of human society and the promotion of social development by other factors in society.Karl Marx was therefore not a technological determinist.We should not only develop productive forces,but also take into account the all-round development of people and always stand in the position of people as the center.Adhering to the socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics we must always stand in the people-centered position.