Comparative Study Of Indonesian Sea-Based Marine Debris Management Law And Policy

Marine debris is a worldwide problem.Research conducted by Jenna Jambeck in 2015,showing that Indonesia is the second largest marine debris generator in the world,after China.Responding to this situation,the Indonesian Government regulated Presidential Regulation No.83 of 2018 on Marine Debris Management containing some action plans to tackle the problems as well as marine debris generated by marine-based activities.Some notable existing international legal framework,including UNCLOS and MARPOL 73/78 Annex V regulate implicitly and explicitly marine debris prevention and control at the marine environment.Some of the international guidelines were conducted by international organization to be a cornerstone of marine debris action plans program whether in the national or regional level.Furthermore,some states,including the United Kingdom,China,and South Korea have already developed a legal framework to answer sea-based marine debris,especially debris produced from fishing and shipping activities.Meanwhile,Regional or state's level action plans have been made in the Region through the Regional Action Plan on Marine Litter(HIELCOM)and Hawaii State Marine Debris Action Plans.As Indonesia just started the initiative through comprehensive regulation,the marine debris legal framework will be compared in this research with international,regional,and national law and policy regarding sea-based marine debris management.The research will also try to find an existing gap contained in international law as it could be answered in regional or national law and policy.Some of the action plans from several countries will be demonstrated in this research to show some of the best practices that could enhance the implementation of Indonesian marine debris policy.In the end,the research will be closed with recommendations according to the legal gaps found in this study.