National-level Policy Pilot Selection Process And Standard Research

As a policy testing and innovation mechanism that emerged during the revolutionary war of the Communist Party of China and was used extensively after the Reform and Opening up,policy trials,especially as one of its forms,have played a huge role in promoting national reform and ensuring national stability.Most of the previous articles on pilot research focused on the meaning,type,function,procedure,mechanism,promotion model and limitations of the policy pilot.There are few articles on special investigation and analysis of a certain part of the policy pilot process.Most of them are mentioned briefly in the article.The reason why the pilot can widely promote and successfully promote China's reform and opening up,scientific and reasonable pilot choice is a key factor.Therefore,this paper selects the pilot selection process in the pilot policy process for analysis,hoping to promote the theoretical system of the policy process.Focusing on the pilot choices of the contemporary Chinese government,this paper reviews the number of pilot policies and the evolution of the field issued by the Central and State Council 40 years since the reform and opening up,and adopted the pilot selection process and standards in the contents of the 116 policy pilot documents.The combing and summary initially answered two questions from the descriptive and explanatory dimensions:what is the process of pilot selection and what are the general criteria for pilot selection.Based on reading and sorting out the 116 policy pilot documents issued by the central government and the State Council in the past 40 years,this paper has summarized five kinds of policy pilot selection models and their specific processes,namely,the central direct designation,the ministries and opinions,and the local government declarative type,local application type,local self-organized type.The centrally designated pilot selection process is summarized as "The central government determines the pilot area-release the document to inform the pilot area-approve the pilot program submitted by the pilot area-the local unit starts the implementation of the pilot work";The ministry's opinion-based pilot selection process is summarized as"Relevant ministries and commissions put forward pilot proposals to the State Council-the State Council discussed and approved-local declarations-relevant ministries and commissions went to apply for pilot units to inspect-the relevant ministries and commissions initially determined the list of pilot areas and reported them to the State Council for confirmation-the relevant ministries and commissions jointly approved the implementation plan-investigation and evaluation At each application place,the relevant ministries and commissions initially identified the pilot units and submitted them to the State Council,the State Council for discussion and consent,and issued a text--the pilot unit submitted the pilot program--the relevant ministries and commissions jointly reviewed and approved the document--the pilot unit officially launched the pilot project";The local government's declarative pilot selection process is summarized as "the relevant ministries and commissions jointly issued the notification documents according to the central requirements-the local government organizations carry out the pilot application work-the relevant ministries and experts and the experts comprehensively review the application plan-determine the pilot area--Pilot areas to launch pilot projects";The local government application-type pilot selection process generally includes"Local application for pilot work and active lobbying-the central or State Council's approval request-local pilot implementation of the pilot work";The local self-organized pilot selection process generally has to go through"The central government issue a policy signal-local governments explore spontaneously-the central government approve the units with better effects and identified them as pilot units-pilot units start pilot programs".At the same time,in order to verify these five types and their specific processes,in the 116 documents,national supervision system reform pilot,the service trade innovation development pilot,the public hospital reform pilot,the national standardization comprehensive reform pilot,and the national innovative city pilot were selected.The five pilot documents were organized in the form of major events in the selection process for their:first pilot.On this basis,the paper also analyzes the activity and influence of each participant in selection process of the five mode and elaborates the role of key participants in the process of selecting policy pilots.In the latter part of the paper,through the combing and summary of the contents of the pilot selection criteria in the 116 documents,the paper summarizes three general standards-"distribution equilibrium","the pilot scale is moderate","the foundation is good,the will is high,the support is complete",and two special standards-"problem-prone areas","economically developed eastern and central regions".