Study On The Theory Of Schmitt's Political Decision

Karl Schmidt is one of the most important German political theorists in the 20 th century.He understood the concept of politics from the boundary between enemy and friend,and put forward a sovereign judgment concerning the state of emergency.As an anti-liberalism fighter,Schmidt inherited the theoretical tradition of extreme conservatism represented by Meister and Cotes in the history of Western political thought,and can be regarded as an outstanding representative of the conservative trend of thought in post-war Europe.From the theoretical origin,Schmidt's theory of political decision is not only the absorption and creative development of Hobbes ‘theory of "natural state" and "determinism",but also the critical reflection of liberal political theory.The social and economic conditions of Germany before World War II,especially the turbulent democracy,are the hotbeds for its ideological formation.From the point of view of its theory generating logic,Schmidt,starting from Hobbes' decisivism on the "state of nature",insights into the human nature of politics and demonstrates that politics is a destiny.With his extremely rigorous and convincing arguments,Schmidt gives politics a very clear definition and judgment standard,namely the ability to distinguish between the enemy and ourselves,and then analyses the concept of political exception and its significance.Philosophical support.In Schmidt's view,since the extreme situation of the division of political enemies and selves-exceptional state / political state always exists,the political decision of political sovereigns is inevitable.By reviewing the history of political decision-making in the exceptional state from the Roman Republic to the German Republic,Schmidt believes that the essence of political decision-making is a clear sense of enemy and foe,and that political decision-making is to make a strong decision on friends and enemies in the most extreme situation and exceptional state in order to maintain political self-survival,that is,"the sovereign decides exceptions/political status".State ".Through the interpretation of Schmidt's political decision theory,we can find that it is reasonable to judge the western liberal technological rationality and the legal system,and it also reveals the homogeneity of liberal democracy and the impossibility in practice.Of course,the deconstruction of sovereign decision power and the de-politicization and legalization of liberal countries contained in its theory are too extreme.In this sense,political decision can hardly be a model of modern political state governance.