A Study On Political Liberation Of Antonio Negri's Thoughts

Seeking liberation for mankind is the core of Marx's ideological system and the ultimate value goal that Marx seeked for all his life.Antonio Negri,an Italian Marxist scholar of autonomy,reconstructed Marx's liberation theory in a post-modern way.Inheriting the ambition of Marx's liberation theory,through a penetrating thinking on the current social development,Negri construct a set of alternative post-modern political liberation theory system with the "Empire","Multitude" and "Communal social theory" as the core.Under the background of the new era,the new target field of the liberation struggle and the new revolutionary subject and the new social conception of the future have been re-established.In the process of re-understanding the world,with abundant Marxist theories and theoretical resources of Foucault,Deleuze and Guattari,Negri points out that capitalism is coming in a new attitude of the form of "empire" and the human survival situation is more severe under the rule of imperial power.The empire,which had no center and no boundary,dominated by political power of life and immaterial labor,was like a huge and omnipresent net that tightly imprisoned human beings.However,this new empire is not invincible,its inherent virtuality and corruption as well as the public generated within the empire are important factors that lead to the final decline of the empire.The new empire built by Negri is different from Lenin's imperialism,which is the new target field of Negri's political liberation struggle.Negri's alternative modern political liberation theory outlined in the analysis and discussion of the empire.Combining with the context of the new era,Negri carried forward Marx's criticism of capital and preliminarily determined the new goal of political liberation struggle.At the same time,he found the main force of the new revolution in the field of labor production and in the dialectical logic of labor and capital opposition,the multitude as a new revolutionary force which born within the empire and destroying it at the same time.The multitude composed of the proletarian,the peasants,the poor and the immigrants have the characteristics of mobility,openness,inclusiveness,economy,desire and so on.The multitude is to establish a new communist society through the three revolutionary programs of global civil right,social right of remuneration and possessiveness.Themultitude is no longer the workers' proletariat as described by Marx,but a new revolutionary subject that yearns for freedom and democracy and has the ability of independent action,an immaterial laborer covering all fields of human life,and a diverse collective different from the masses and the people.In the context of Negri,the multitude are like invincible fighters,who can exist eternally and carry out the revolutionary struggle tirelessly only by the desire for democracy and the desire to fight against the oppression of power without organization or leadership.In the end,Negri sees a new opportunity to realize the new communist society in the commonality of the multitude.Commonality is the result of the objectification activities of the multitude,a form of wealth,and the social wealth that the multitude can share together.The implementation of property joint ownership is the alternative communist society conceived by Negri and the common society is a new type of society which carries on the unified management to the common wealth.The decisive factor for the establishment of a common society is contained in commonality.Under the rule of the political power of the life of the empire,commonality needs to resolve the crisis of corruption by going away,so that the subjectivity of the multitude can be restored,and the revolutionary plan planned by the multitude and the desire to establish a common society can be realized.Negri's thought of political liberation combines the core theories of Marx,Foucault and others.From political power of life to immaterial labor and control of society to desire,every core concept of Negri is a re-creation based on the theory of Marx,Foucault and others.There is no doubt that the creation of this unique theory has attracted extensive attention from scholars at home and abroad.Negri's political liberation thought not only reactivated the great vitality of Marx's liberation theory,added new vitality to the theoretical discourse of human liberation,but also provided valuable theoretical resources for us to understand the trend of the capitalist society and the operation mode of production and power in the great development of economic globalization.Facing the new social development situation,Negri inherited Marx's deep concern for the fate of mankind and made a profound analysis of contemporary capitalism.Although Negri's theory still has some defects,it does not affect his great theoretical contribution to the road of human liberation.There is still a long way to go before the liberation of mankind.However,how the times and the capital change,Marxist theory has always been the guiding light for us to build a good society from start to end,communist society is the good society that we yearn for forever.