| The rapid advancement of information technology has changed the production methods in various fields of society,in the aspect of education,traditional information technology classrooms can no longer meet the needs of “Digital natives” learning,and teachers and researchers should take the cultivation of students’ key competencies as their guide,break through traditional teaching and pay more attention to students’ future development.This study aims at cultivating the core literacy of students’ computational thinking,and use ‘Scratch’ this program design software to conduct instructional design and empirical research.This dissertation defines the concept of computational thinking,Scratch,and instructional design,and also establishes relevant theoretical foundations for subsequent research by reading and collating related literature on computational thinking.The development context of cultivating students’ computational thinking in the United States,Britain and other countries has been clarified.The development of computing thinking in Chinese universities and primary and secondary schools has been reviewed from five aspects: curriculum reform,teaching reform,teaching model,teaching methods,teaching design and application.The author analyzes the learners,teaching contents,and teaching concepts before the implementation of the teaching and hopes to enlighten students at the aspect of computer.This study constructs a 5*3 computational thinking framework in which 5means decomposed thinking,abstract thinking,algorithmic thinking,generalized thinking,and evaluation thinking;3 means basic level,problem solving level and disciplinary thinking level.In terms of basic level,in addition to mastering the basic knowledge and basic skills of Scratch,basis of programming language and the basis of computational thinking are also involved.At the problem solving level,the author designed a set of computational thinking training sheets to use the corresponding learning strategies to enhance students in practical problem solving.The computational thinking;students in the subject thinking layer are constantly internalizing and migrating to form a relatively stable way of thinking.What’s more,this study also designed a variety of teaching evaluation methods,and evaluated the students from three aspects: double-base knowledge detection,computational thinking evaluation,and comprehensive evaluation of student works.In this study,research methods such as survey research,interviews,and experiments were used to validate the proposed research hypotheses.Through the analysis of experimental data,interview contents,and student works,the research conclusions are drawn and the shortcomings and innovations in this research are analyzed.In the three months of Xiguan Primary School Internship,the author personally practiced,recorded in detail the preparatory work before the implementation of the teaching,the specific problems in the implementation of teaching,reflection after the implementation of teaching,hoping to provide assistance to follow-up researchers. |
