Research On Mental Map Construction Of Junior Middle School Students Based On Metacognitive Strategies

"Mental map" is a visual representation,which reflects the spatial distribution,spatial structure,spatial evolution and development of geographical phenomenon or geographical phenomenon.This visual representation has the function of memory,which can preserve and reproduce the geographical representation in mind."Mental map" as the carrier of regional geographic information,more and more be taken seriously in the junior middle school geography teaching,the traditional way of composition including "knowledge map","mapping","drawing",the author through interview and questionnaire survey found that the traditional way of composition exist the following problems:(1)The individual cannot actively construct "psychological map",with long composition cycle and low effective use;(2)Not paying attention to the "psychological map" that has already been constructed,which cannot systematically and completely represent the geographical environment;(3)It is difficult for individuals to conduct effective reasoning and organization through the "psychological map" constructed;(4)It is difficult for individuals to present small scale geographical things;(5)Not paying attention to effective application and timely inspection of the "psychological map" that has been constructed.In this paper,the problems existing in the construction of traditional "mental map" are studied in the following aspects:First of all,combining the theory of metacognition theory,information processing theory,visual representation to deepen the concept of "mental map","mental map" is a visual representation of geographical information in the brain,this visual representation can summarize the under the effect of metacognitive strategy,make the clues,geographic information to form a variety of memory into long-term memory,and form of vision.In a certain situation,it can be extracted according to the memory clues,that is,the geographic information can enter working memory from long time,solve practical problems,and gain metacognitive experience from it.Secondly,for the construction of psychological geography,based on the previous research,the author puts forward the "hierarchical processing" model of psychological map based on the concept of psychological map.Thought for the construction of a mental map can not only stay on stage of constructing "visualization" map,should pass the reaction system in the role of metacognitive regulation strategies,to continue to amend,"visualization" map generalization,in order to reach the purpose of extraction,flexible use,i.e.to construct a mental map effectively.Finally,the author attempts to apply the meta-cognitive strategy to construct mental map"this new concept in the practical teaching,and compared with the traditional mode to build mental map,comparing the teaching effect by comparing the study found the following conclusions:(1)Teachers should guide students to fine processing of declarative knowledge,let students clear geographical elements,the relationship between the easy semantic coding and visual codingpreliminary formation of vision.(2)The teacher to guide students to be good to explore the relationship between the geographical elements and reprocessing treatment,make the individual clear the integrity of the geographical environment and learn to use "mental map" reasoning.(3)The teacher wants to let students to obtain metacognitive experience as the core of teaching organizing,good at mobilizing the students' meta-cognitive strategy,for individual coding errors and omissions should be handled in a timely manner,and timely inspection,to ensure the effectiveness of the "mental map" to build.