| Objective:The aim of the study was to explore the characteristics of lower limb morphology and plantar pressure distribution of children aged 7-15 in Guangzhou and analyze the incidence of abnormal foot and leg shape and plantar pressure distribution law in children,to accumulate children gait kinetic data and provide a reference for the design of children shoes and flatfoot treatment.Methods:Collecting the data of height,weight and leg type of 658 children(341males and 327 females)aged 7-15 in Guangzhou overseas Chinese Foreign language school,and measure the subjects' foot type and plantar pressure including load,pressure,contact area,impulse,foot angle by using foot type measurement plate and Freestep plantar pressure analyzer.Results:1)The incidence of abnormal foot arch decreased with age,obviously 9years old.The rate of flatfoot in male was higher than female;The incidence of high arch foot is extremely low,with more women than men.The incidence of X-leg is higher than that of O-leg,while the rate of O-leg increases with age.Flatfoot and X-leg showed a high correlation.2)The load of forefoot is obviously smaller than that of rear foot,while the load of left foot is greater than that of right foot when the children stand.The Center of Pressure of female is more inclined to the rear foot than that of the male,and the COP moves toward the center with age.The average pressure of the plantar of most 7-15 children increases with age;There were significant differences in the biped pressure of all the adolescents except those aged 7,14 and 15 years.The average bipedal pressure in women was higher than that in men.3)Peak pressure of each area in children increases with age;The gender affect on peak pressure in children of the same age.The maximum pressure was in the metatarsal and toe.The ratio of contact area on the toe area showed an overall downward trend with the increase of age.Most children have different biped ratio of contact area;The gender plays an important role on the ratio among the same age children.The impulse of foot was proportional to the age except the mid-foot;The gender have no influence on the impulse;There was no significant difference in the regional impulse of bipedal regions;The max impulse was in the metatarsal and first toe.The load ratio of forefoot is significantly higher than that of rear foot during walking,there is no difference in load ratio between inside and outside.Age and sex have no effect on the ratio of foot in children.The male foot angle increases with age,and the right foot angle is largerthan that of the left foot.The effect of age on the foot angle of female is small.The foot angle of males of all ages is significantly higher than that of females.4)There are obvious differences between flatfoot and normal arch in the load and average pressure in children of 7-8 years old,no significant difference in other age groups.and there is no rule of peak pressure in children of 7-14;The difference of impulse was mainly in the mid-foot which can suggest that the area is more vulnerable.Conclusions and suggestions:The incidence of flatfoot decreases with the increase of age in 7-15 years old in Guangzhou,and the highest incidence is in 7-8years old.Flatfoot and X-leg showed a high correlation.The peak pressure and impulse of walking are positively correlated with age,and the max values are distributed in metatarsal bone and toe.Contact area ratio,load,foot angle showed certain characteristics of age and gender.So that attention should be paid to the correction of body posture such as sitting,standing,walking,running in daily life.What's more,we should pay attention to the elasticity of the ground,so as to reduce the impact force of the ground and prevent the injury of the metatarsal toe and the arch in daily physical education.Age and gender differences can be taken into account when designing shoes.Children with pathological flatfoot should be treated as soon as possible,the support and protect of foot arch is the key. |
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