Research On The Training Of High School Students’ Computational Thinking Ability In The Perspective Of Key Competencies

In the key competencies of high school information technology disciplines,"computational thinking" as one of the goals of the high school students’ information technology curriculum has aroused people’s attention to the cultivation of high school students’ thinking ability.Computational thinking involves solving problems,designing systems,and understanding human behavior by drawing on the concepts fundamental to computer science.What should the high school students’ thinking ability be highlighted in the perspective of key competencies? What kind of training methods need to be taught in class?First,a questionnaire survey and interview were conducted to investigate the status of information technology teaching and high school students’ computational thinking ability in a high school in Zhejiang province.A total of 178 student questionnaires and 30 teachers’ questionnaires in Zhejiang were collected.The survey found,teachers and students are not optimistic about the degree of understanding of computational thinking: Teachers still lack the awareness of training high school students’ computational thinking;The study of high school students is only in the simple basic knowledge and mechanical operation,so as to meet the requirements of the examination;In the face of complex computing problems,students cannot carry out abstract decomposition,data modeling,and cannot make use of computers to realize their own ideas;Students are not aware of the method of calculating thinking when they solve the problem;The current information technology course,whether it is hardware,software,class time,or open teaching resources,has basically met the conditions for high school students to train the computing thinking;At present,there is an urgent need for a set of teaching solutions devoted to the training of high school students’ computing thinking ability and the practice of classroom practice.Based on this,the author carries out the corresponding curriculum design according to the related teaching design principle.On the basis of referring to the key competencies of information technology,the definition of computational thinking and the development level of computational thinking,we set the teaching goal of training high school students’ computational thinking ability.Referring to five core concepts of computational thinking proposed by Dr.Cynthia Selby and Dr.John Woollard,we constructed the computational thinking framework under the vision of information technology key competencies,namely abstract thinking,decomposition thinking,visualization thinking,automatic thinking,algorithm thinking,evaluation thinking and general thinking.We choose and organize the teaching contents of basic knowledge module and thinking method module of high school students’ computational thinking training.Finally,we take two knowledge units,algorithm and representation and program design as objects,and carry out the design and implementation of classroom teaching for computational thinking.The discovery of a combination of basic concepts and problems helps to improve students’ understanding of concepts and principles;The inquiry teaching model based on computational thinking can improve the students’ enthusiasm in the classroom and the ability to calculate their thinking.