The Scheme Design And Experimental Study Of Strength Training For 14-16-year-old Male 1500-meter Runners

Medium and long distance running is a cyclical event dominated by physical fitness.It requires athletes to produce the ability to move forward in the horizontal direction of the human body through muscle contraction.Its essence is to consume as little energy as possible while maintaining high speed running.Therefore,athletes are required to have reasonable technology,which depends on muscle strength and the flexibility of the corresponding joints.Traditionally,coaches generally believe that strength training of middle and long distance runners will increase weight,lead to muscle hypertrophy,and is not conducive to the improvement of athletes' competitive ability.However,in recent years,a large number of studies have shown that the role of strength has broken through the traditional significance.It is regarded as a "medium" for increasing the proportion of aerobic training,taking into account both energy supply and neuromuscular system,and connecting aerobic and anaerobic abilities.Juvenile stage(14-16)is the key period for the strength development of male middle and long distance runners.How to scientifically design strength training program according to the physical and mental development law of teenagers,combined with the characteristics of the 1500-meter race project,is a widespread concern of current coaches.Based on this,this study intends to use the relevant theories of sports training,sports physiology,sports biomechanics,sports surveying and middle-distance running training on the basis of learning the relevant research results,using the methods of literature,questionnaire survey,expert interview,experiment and mathematical statistics,to study 20 young boys aged 14-16 in Xicheng Sports School of Beijing.A 16-week strength training experiment was carried out for the sub-1500-meter runners.The experiment adopted the design of pre-test and post-test such as single factor.The two groups of athletes used the same special training plan for running in each training course,and the two groups of athletes finished normal running training every Tuesday and Thursday and added a certain amount of auxiliary strength training.The experimental group arranged a new strength training program according to the physical and mental characteristics of 14-16 years old juveniles combined with running muscles,while the control group still adopted the conventional strength training program.At the end of the experiment,SPSS software was used to test the data of FMS,60-meter running,strength quality,1500-meter special performance and training interest scale before and after thetest.T test was conducted among groups and within groups to observe the difference of test indexes before and after the experiment,in order to verify the effect of strength training of running muscles in the training process of young male 1500-meter runners aged 14-16.The results are as follows:1.Strength training of young male 1500-meter runners aged 14-16 is mainly accomplished by means of stride jump,straight leg jump,archery walk,squat jump,left and right one-foot forward jump,one-leg heel lifting and step climbing.2.The new training program can better improve the ability of collecting muscle and elasticity of 1500-meter runners aged 14-16,and improve the adaptability of cardiovascular function,so as to improve the technical level of athletes and promote the improvement of special performance.3.After the test of 60-meter race,strength endurance,speed-strength,FMS squat test,total score of FMS and training interest scale,there were significant differences between the experimental group and the control group(p < 0.05).There were significant differences in muscle accumulation strength,special performance of 1500-meter race and straight squat of bow and foot(p < 0.01),which showed that the strength of 16 weeks had passed.After volume training,the training effect of the experimental group is better than that of the control group.Research conclusions:This study follows the principles of pertinence,simplicity,practicality and interest.Based on theoretical analysis,experts and coaches' investigation,a new set of targeted programs for young middle and long distance runners is designed,that is,strength training programs designed according to the characteristics of running muscles combined with the physical and mental characteristics of young runners.On this basis,it is compared with conventional training.Experiments show that,without affecting the athletes' specific endurance training,after 16 weeks of training,the strength of the two groups of subjects has been improved,and the effect of muscle strength training for running is better than that of routine strength training.At the same time,the new strength training program stimulates the adaptability of athletes to specific physiological functions and mechanical mechanics,improves the enthusiasm of athletes to participate in training,and is superior to the conventional strength training program in preventing sports injury.